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  1. A health system has three key stakeholders, the State—at national and subnational levels—the health service providers and the citizens. In most settings and especially in peacetime, these stakeholders are typi...

    Authors: Elliot Brennan and Seye Abimbola
    Citation: Conflict and Health 2023 17:31
  2. Strengthening health systems in conflict-affected settings has become increasingly professionalised. However, evaluation remains challenging and often insufficiently documented in the literature. Many, particu...

    Authors: Manar Marzouk, Anna Durrance-Bagale, Sze Tung Lam, Michiko Nagashima-Hayashi, Mengieng Ung, Zeenathnisa Mougammadou Aribou, Ayshath Zaseela, Nafeesah Mohamed Ibrahim, Sunanda Agarwal, Maryam Omar, Sanjida Newaz, Hala Mkhallalati and Natasha Howard
    Citation: Conflict and Health 2023 17:30
  3. Healthcare is a basic human right extending across all humanitarian contexts, including conflict. Globally, two billion people are living under conditions of insecurity and violent armed conflict with a conseq...

    Authors: Chiu-Yi Lin, Kristen Meagher, Martin Bricknell, Preeti Patel, Nassim El Achi, Tezer Kutluk, Richard Harding, Hanna Kienzler, Rita Giacaman, Deborah Mukherji, Omar Shamieh and Richard Sullivan
    Citation: Conflict and Health 2023 17:29
  4. The Taliban takeover in August 2021 brought global economic sanctions, economic collapse, and draconian restrictions on women’s freedom of movement, work, political participation, and education. This study exa...

    Authors: Nancy Glass, Rabia Jalalzai, Paul Spiegel and Leonard Rubenstein
    Citation: Conflict and Health 2023 17:28

    The Correction to this article has been published in Conflict and Health 2023 17:32

  5. The WHO Non-Communicable Diseases Kit (NCDK) was developed to support care for non-communicable diseases (NCDs) in humanitarian settings. Targeting primary healthcare, each kit contains medicines and supplies ...

    Authors: Ahmad Hecham Alani, Laura Miller, Bhavika Darji, Isaac Waweru, Aston Benjamin Atwiine, Marcello Tonelli, Joseph Lou Kenyi Mogga, Ali Adams, Lilian Ndinda, Said Jongo and Lilian Kiapi
    Citation: Conflict and Health 2023 17:27
  6. The war in Tigray, North Ethiopia which started in November 2020, has destroyed decades of the region’s healthcare success. There is some emerging published evidence on attacks on health care in the region, an...

    Authors: Hailay Gesesew, Hafte Kebede, Kenfe Berhe, Nelsensius Fauk and Paul Ward
    Citation: Conflict and Health 2023 17:26
  7. Community Health Workers (CHWs) provide vital services during disease outbreaks. Appropriate burials of those who died from an infectious disease outbreak is a critical CHW function to prevent infection and di...

    Authors: Hana Zwick, Marc Salama Asobee, Isabeaux Kennedy Mitton, Jennifer Headley and David E. Eagle
    Citation: Conflict and Health 2023 17:25
  8. Despite increasing evidence on COVID-19, few studies have been conducted in humanitarian settings and none have investigated the direct and indirect effects of the pandemic in the Central African Republic. We ...

    Authors: Chiara Altare, Natalya Kostandova, Gbètoho Fortuné Gankpe, Patricia Nalimo, Abdoul Azizi Almoustapha Abaradine, Sophie Bruneau, Caroline Antoine and Paul B. Spiegel
    Citation: Conflict and Health 2023 17:24
  9. Protracted, internal conflicts with geographic variations within countries, are an important understudied community exposure for adverse child health outcomes.

    Authors: Pritha Chatterjee, Jarvis Chen, Aisha Yousafzai, Ichiro Kawachi and S. V. Subramanian
    Citation: Conflict and Health 2023 17:23
  10. Exposure to armed conflicts result in strongly adverse and often irreversible short- and long-term effects which may transmit across generations. Armed conflicts directly cause food insecurity and starvation b...

    Authors: Aregawi Weldegebreal Weldegiargis, Haftom Temesgen Abebe, Hiluf Ebuy Abraha, Meron Micheale Abrha, Tsegay Berihu Tesfay, Rieye Esayas Belay, Alemnesh Abraha Araya, Mengish Bahresilassie Gebregziabher, Hagos Godefay and Afework Mulugeta
    Citation: Conflict and Health 2023 17:22
  11. CAR is one of the poorest countries in the world. While UN statistics suggest that there is no health emergency in the country, two recently published mortality surveys contradict this. Moreover, recent accusa...

    Authors: Karume Baderha Augustin Gang, Jennifer O’Keeffe, Anonymous and Les Roberts
    Citation: Conflict and Health 2023 17:21
  12. Forced displacement is a crucial determinant of poor health. With 31 people displaced every minute worldwide, this is an important global issue. Addressing this, the Participation Revolution workstream from th...

    Authors: Jennifer Benson, Tilman Brand, Lara Christianson and Meret Lakeberg
    Citation: Conflict and Health 2023 17:20
  13. The ongoing violent conflict in Northern Ethiopia has caused displacement, death, and destruction. Health services infrastructure became one of the primary victims of the war, leaving millions unable to access...

    Authors: Meskerem Aleka Kebede, Andualem Beyene, Nurhusen Kedir, Bethelhem Abegaz and Rocco Friebel
    Citation: Conflict and Health 2023 17:19
  14. There is growing interest on how social capital and related social environmental factors impact overall population health and well-being. The nature of asylum-seekers’ social environment alters once they migra...

    Authors: Maria De Jesus, Bronwyn Warnock, Zoubida Moumni, Zara Hassan Sougui and Lionel Pourtau
    Citation: Conflict and Health 2023 17:18
  15. While trauma exposure is an established predictor of poor mental health among humanitarian aid workers (HAWs), less is known about the role of psychosocial work-related factors. This study aims to establish a ...

    Authors: Cheryl Yunn Shee Foo, Alvin Kuowei Tay, Yexinyu Yang and Helen Verdeli
    Citation: Conflict and Health 2023 17:17
  16. In the Central African Republic (CAR), HIV/AIDS is the main cause of death in women aged 15–49 years. Increased testing coverage is essential in prevention of HIV/AIDS, especially in areas where conflict hinde...

    Authors: Mari Nythun Utheim, Petros Isaakidis, Rafael Van den Bergh, Bantas Bata Ghislain Géraud, Rodrigue Biguioh Mabvouna, Tone Kristin Omsland, Espen Heen and Cecilie Dahl
    Citation: Conflict and Health 2023 17:14
  17. During the Covid-19 epidemic, the increased number of people seeking medical attention worsened hospital shortages. This shortage required reallocating the workforce, personal protective equipment (PPE), medic...

    Authors: Mousa Atary and Niveen M. E. Abu-Rmeileh
    Citation: Conflict and Health 2023 17:13
  18. Northwest Syria (NWS) is a complex and extremely fragile operating environment, with more than 2.8 million people needing humanitarian assistance. To support a common standard of care delivery and enable coord...

    Authors: Sophie Witter, Karin Diaconu, Ibrahim Bou-Orm, Zeina Jamal, Zubin Cyrus Shroff, Abdulbaki Mahmoud, Mahmoud Daher and Vinod Varma
    Citation: Conflict and Health 2023 17:12
  19. Malnutrition remains a major cause of morbidity and mortality amongst children in displaced settings. Nutrition at this stage is crucial for the growth and development of the child. It is estimated that 41 mil...

    Authors: Ayuk Betrand Tambe, Mbah Larissa Akeh, Nicholas Tendongfor, Thembekile Dhlamini, Given Chipili and Xikombiso Mbhenyane
    Citation: Conflict and Health 2023 17:11
  20. Armed conflicts greatly affect the health, nutrition, and food security of conflict affected settings particularly children. However, no empirical data exist regarding context specific factors contributing tow...

    Authors: Gebretsadkan Gebremedhin Gebretsadik, Mahlet Abraha, Tedros Bereket, Ferehiwot Hailemariam, Freweini Gebrearegay, Tigist Hagos, Mizan Assefa, Kidanemaryam Berhe, Hadush Gebregziabher, Amaha Kahsay Adhanu, Mekonnen Haileselassie, Mulugeta Gebregziabher and Afework Mulugeta
    Citation: Conflict and Health 2023 17:10
  21. Humanitarian health assistance programmes have expanded from temporary approaches addressing short-term needs to providing long-term interventions in emergency settings. Measuring sustainability of humanitaria...

    Authors: Henry Komakech, Christopher Garimoi Orach and Lynn M. Atuyambe
    Citation: Conflict and Health 2023 17:9
  22. Populations affected by armed conflict and other humanitarian crises are at elevated risk for mental health problems. While the COVID-19 pandemic has had broadly deleterious effects on livelihoods, economic we...

    Authors: Andrea Armijos, Annie G. Bonz, Felicity L. Brown, Danielle Charlet, Flora Cohen, M. Claire Greene, Sabrina Hermosilla, Leah E. James and Karine Le Roch
    Citation: Conflict and Health 2023 17:7
  23. This study assessed the timeliness and completeness of disease surveillance data for early warning of the cholera outbreak during the socio-political crisis of Southwest Cameroon in 2018. It determined how rou...

    Authors: Reine Suzanne Mengue Kadia, Benjamin Momo Kadia, Christian Akem Dimala and Andrew E. Collins
    Citation: Conflict and Health 2023 17:6
  24. Thalassaemia affects many families in Northeast Syria, an area devastated by over a decade of conflict which has significantly impacted their health system. People with thalassaemia require holistic multidisci...

    Authors: Sally MacVinish, Crystal van Leeuwen, Maartje Hoetjes, Yoshihiro Aoki, Deirdre Foley and Harriet Roggeveen
    Citation: Conflict and Health 2023 17:5
  25. In Syria, disruption to water and sanitation systems, together with poor access to vaccination, forced displacement and overcrowding contribute to increases in waterborne diseases (WBDs). The aim of this study...

    Authors: Ruby Tabor, Naser Almhawish, Ibrahim Aladhan, Maia Tarnas, Richard Sullivan, Nabil Karah, Mark Zeitoun, Ruwan Ratnayake and Aula Abbara
    Citation: Conflict and Health 2023 17:4
  26. Attacks on health care represent an area of growing international concern. Publicly available data are important in documenting attacks, and are often the only easily accessible data source. Data collection pr...

    Authors: Vanessa Parada, Larissa Fast, Carolyn Briody, Christina Wille and Rudi Coninx
    Citation: Conflict and Health 2023 17:3
  27. For those with severe conflict-associated wounds which are affected by antimicrobial resistant (AMR) organisms, health systems during protracted conflict are often ill-equipped to respond to their needs. In th...

    Authors: Ahmet Aldbis, Hady Naal, Tarik Kishawi, Rim Wazni and Aula Abbara
    Citation: Conflict and Health 2023 17:2
  28. Previous research concluded that substance (mis)use is increasing among forcibly displaced populations. Nevertheless, little research has been conducted within a social ecological framework aimed at identifyin...

    Authors: Laura Hertner, Panagiotis Stylianopoulos, Andreas Heinz, Ulrike Kluge, Ingo Schäfer and Simone Penka
    Citation: Conflict and Health 2023 17:1
  29. Handwashing with soap is critical for the prevention of diarrhoeal diseases and outbreak related diseases, including interrupting the transmission of COVID-19. People living in large displacement settings are ...

    Authors: Sian White, Anika Jain, Abie Bangura, Michelle Farrington, Melaku Mekonen, Bang Chuol Nhial, Enamul Hoque, Md. Moniruzzaman, Pascaline Namegabe, John Walassa and Fiona Majorin
    Citation: Conflict and Health 2022 16:65
  30. The COVID-19 pandemic has escalated the use of telemedicine in both high and low resource settings however its use has preceded this, particularly in conflict-affected settings. Several countries in the WHO Ea...

    Authors: Pylin Parkes, Timesh D. Pillay, Yamama Bdaiwi, Remi Simpson, Nadim Almoshmosh, Lina Murad and Aula Abbara
    Citation: Conflict and Health 2022 16:64
  31. Widespread armed conflict has affected Yemen since 2014. To date, the mortality toll of seven years of crisis, and any excess due to the COVID-19 pandemic, are not well quantified. We attempted to estimate pop...

    Authors: Mervat Alhaffar, Huda Basaleem, Fouad Othman, Khaled Alsakkaf, Sena Mohammed Mohsen Naji, Hussein Kolaise, Abdullah K. Babattah, Yassin Abdulmalik Mahyoub Salem, Hannah Brindle, Najwa Yahya, Pasquale Pepe and Francesco Checchi
    Citation: Conflict and Health 2022 16:63
  32. Older refugees face particular challenges because their health and social needs are largely overlooked in humanitarian programmes, policies and research. The few studies available have shown that older refugee...

    Authors: Maya Abi Chahine and Hanna Kienzler
    Citation: Conflict and Health 2022 16:62
  33. Older Syrian refugees in Lebanon are a marginalized population with under-recognized health needs. The inclusivity of this population within the humanitarian response is poorly understood. This study aims to i...

    Authors: Sarah Hachem, Souad Ali, Sarah Al-Omari, Maya Abi Chahine, Sasha Abdallah Fahme and Abla Mehio Sibai
    Citation: Conflict and Health 2022 16:61
  34. Understanding how health systems respond to shocks has become a pressing need to strengthen response efforts. With already fragmented and disrupted health services, fragile and conflict affected [FCA] countrie...

    Authors: Kyaw Myat Thu, Sarah Bernays and Seye Abimbola
    Citation: Conflict and Health 2022 16:60
  35. Forced migrant women experience high levels of violence across their journeys and violence can be characterised as having three overarching forms: structural, symbolic, and interpersonal. It is important to un...

    Authors: Jeanine Hourani, Yara Jarallah, Karen Block, Linda Murray, Jasmin Chen, Maria Hach and Cathy Vaughan
    Citation: Conflict and Health 2022 16:59
  36. In several conflicts worldwide children are recruited as fighters in irregular forces. These children need to be reintegrated into the society after the conflict. However, concurrent to various reservations in...

    Authors: Rezhna Mohammed and Frank Neuner
    Citation: Conflict and Health 2022 16:58
  37. The 11 years of the devastating conflict in Syria resulted in more than 874,000 deaths, and in more than thirteen million refugees and internally displaced people (UNHCR, Syrian refugee crisis: aid, statistics...

    Authors: Munzer Alkhalil, Maher Alaref, Hala Mkhallalati, Zedoun Alzoubi and Abdulkarim Ekzayez
    Citation: Conflict and Health 2022 16:57
  38. Understanding and improving access to essential services in (post)-conflict settings requires paying particular attention to the actors who occupy the space left ‘empty’ by weak or deficient State institutions...

    Authors: Sadiki Kangamina, Jean-Benoit Falisse, Amuda Baba, Liz Grant, Nigel Pearson, Yossa Way and Emma Wild-Wood
    Citation: Conflict and Health 2022 16:56
  39. The emerging trends of asymmetric and urban warfare call for a revision of the needs and the way in which frontline trauma care is provided to affected population. However, there is no consensus on the process...

    Authors: F. Salio, A. Pirisi, E. Bruni, M. Court, K. Peleg, S. Reaiche, A. Redmond, E. Weinstein, I. Hubloue, F. Della Corte and L. Ragazzoni
    Citation: Conflict and Health 2022 16:55
  40. Humanitarian crises represent a significant public health risk factor for affected populations exacerbating mortality, morbidity, disabilities, and reducing access to and quality of health care. Reliable and t...

    Authors: Chiara Altare, William Weiss, Marwa Ramadan, Hannah Tappis and Paul B. Spiegel
    Citation: Conflict and Health 2022 16:54
  41. Many refugee children face challenges accessing education, but refugee children with disabilities are especially vulnerable to exclusion from school environments as well as social settings. Mainstreaming is co...

    Authors: Thomas M. Crea, Elizabeth K. Klein, Oladoyin Okunoren, Maria Paula Jimenez, Greg St. Arnold, Truphena Kirior, Eric Velandria and Daniela Bruni
    Citation: Conflict and Health 2022 16:53
  42. Delays in seeking timely maternity care from health care professionals are crucial to address among the Rohingya population where many preventable pregnancy-related deaths occur within the camps when care is n...

    Authors: Mrittika Barua, Sayantan Chowdhury, Avijit Saha, Chand Mia, Stenly Hely Sajow and Malabika Sarker
    Citation: Conflict and Health 2022 16:51
  43. Adherence to medication regimens is essential to decrease morbidity/mortality and increase life expectancy among HIV positive persons on Highly Active Anti-retroviral Therapy (HAART). This study was born in re...

    Authors: Dasha Reddy and Nicole S. Berry
    Citation: Conflict and Health 2022 16:50
  44. The Gaza Strip, like other settings of complex humanitarian emergencies, faces immense challenges in vaccinating its population against COVID-19. This study was conducted in October 2021 among Gaza’s adult pop...

    Authors: Jennifer Majer, Jehad H. Elhissi, Nabil Mousa and Natalya Kostandova
    Citation: Conflict and Health 2022 16:48

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