Table 5 Multivariable logistic regressions of ANC visits (≥ 4 visits versus < 4 ref), delivery outcome (C-section versus normal and abortion versus normal), and delivery onset (preterm versus term)

Nationality

Lebanese (ref)

1.0

1.0

1.0

1.0

Syrian

0.91

0.62

1.35

0.66

0.49

0.31

0.79

0.003

0.66

0.27

1.64

0.37

1.25

0.66

2.35

0.49

Palestinian

0.80

0.58

1.1

0.17

1.31

0.92

1.85

0.13

1.73

0.96

3.09

0.06

1.69

1.01

2.82

0.05

Region

Beirut (ref)

1.0

1.0

1.0

1.0

Beqaa

6.86

4.59

10.26

 < .001

0.86

0.53

1.38

0.52

0.14

0.07

0.29

 < .001

1.38

0.768

2.49

0.28

Mount Lebanon

1.75

1.19

2.57

0.004

0.82

0.57

1.18

0.28

0.34

0.18

0.64

0.001

0.43

0.258

0.73

0.002

North Lebanon

2.19

1.57

3.07

 < .001

0.50

0.36

0.71

 < .001

1.25

0.68

2.29

0.476

0.72

0.447

1.14

0.16

South Lebanon

1.45

1.06

1.97

0.02

0.51

0.38

0.68

 < .001

0.34

0.19

0.59

 < .001

0.64

0.43

0.94

0.03

Age groups

 <  = 17 (ref)

1.0

1.0

1.0

1.0

18–28

1.33

0.71

2.48

0.37

0.80

0.43

1.46

0.47

0.44

0.11

1.67

0.23

2.39

0.65

8.81

0.19

29–39

1.19

0.63

2.27

0.59

1.06

0.57

1.97

0.86

0.68

0.17

2.69

0.59

2.53

0.68

9.43

0.17

40 + 

0.85

0.36

1.97

0.69

1.16

0.49

2.77

0.73

3.46

0.73

16.32

0.12

1.13

0.24

5.43

0.88

Gravida

Per unit increase

1.08

1.01

1.15

0.03

0.67

0.62

0.73

 < .001

0.85

0.75

0.97

0.02

1.07

0.98

1.17

0.14

ANC Visits

 < 4 vs ≥ 4 (ref)

NA

NA

NA

NA

1.45

1.15

1.84

0.002

250.00

111.11

500.00

 < .001

0.89

0.64

1.22

0.46

Onset of Delivery

Term (ref)

1.0

Preterm

0.91

0.67

1.24

0.55

NA

NA

NA

NA

NA

NA

NA

NA

NA

NA

NA

NA

Post-term

2.42

1.08

5.41

0.03

NA

NA

NA

NA

NA

NA

NA

NA

NA

NA

NA

NA

Delivery Method

Normal (ref)

1.0

1.0

C-section

1.41

1.11

1.78

0.01

NA

NA

NA

NA

NA

NA

NA

NA

2.85

2.06

3.94

 < .001

Abortion

44.50

17.53

112.96

 < .001

NA

NA

NA

NA

NA

NA

NA

NA

NA

NA

NA

NA

History of

Abortion

1.07

0.85

1.34

0.56

1.80

1.39

2.33

 < .001

1.51

0.98

2.35

0.07

1.09

0.79

1.5

0.58

C-Section

0.79

0.62

1.03

0.08

90.91

66.67

125.00

 < .001

25.64

15.63

41.67

 < .001

0.83

0.60

1.14

0.25

Preterm

0.85

0.58

1.24

0.39

1.36

0.85

2.18

0.20

1.46

0.62

3.44

0.38

2.36

1.56

3.57

 < .001

Complications

During pregnancy

0.32

0.18

0.581

 < .001

0.99

0.63

1.59

0.99

1.14

0.33

3.88

0.84

0.67

0.37

1.25

0.210

At delivery

1.58

0.88

2.84

0.13

1.19

0.61

2.32

0.61

0.09

0.01

0.85

0.04

32.12

15.98

64.56

 < .001

Neonatal

1.12

0.71

1.77

0.62

1.69

1.01

2.84

0.05

0.59

0.22

1.66

0.32

4.85

3.12

7.54

 < .001

Ultrasounds

None (ref)

1.0

1.0

1.0

1.0

1

0.36

0.28

0.48

 < .001

1.21

0.89

1.65

0.22

1.24

0.79

1.91

0.34

1.58

1.03

2.42

0.04

 ≥ 2

0.45

0.33

0.61

 < .001

1.35

0.95

1.91

0.09

0.05

0.02

0.09

 < .001

1.61

1.01

2.58

0.05

Tests Done

CBC/FBS

0.79

0.52

1.22

0.295

0.29

0.18

0.49

 < .001

0.18

0.08

0.42

 < .001

0.446

0.252

0.79

0.01

Urinalysis

0.59

0.47

0.77

 < .001

0.78

0.59

1.02

0.07

1.25

0.75

2.09

0.39

0.79

0.56

1.12

0.18

Infectious

0.55

0.22

1.35

0.19

0.84

0.26

2.67

0.76

0.62

0.17

2.24

0.47

**

**

**

**