Fig. 1

Map of health emergencies in the Eastern Mediterranean Region, as defined by the World Health Organisation’s (WHO) emergency grading, and relevant data on conflicts up to 2020. Grade 1—emergencies with minimal public health consequences, grade 2—emergencies with moderate public health consequences, grade 3—emergencies with severe public health consequences [9]. Conflict onset and number of deaths since onset were sourced from the Uppsala Conflict Data Program [10]. Pre-conflict populations were sourced from The World Bank, and attacks on healthcare sites were from the WHO Surveillance Dashboard [11, 12]. Displaced populations were calculated from the number of refugees, asylum-seekers and internally displaced people for each country, as reported in the UN Refugee Agency, except Gaza where data was taken from UNICEF [6, 13]. Map was created using mapchart.net [14]