Table 4 Change Diabetes Care Utilization and in Clinical Measurements
UNADJUSTED CHANGE | ADJUSTED CHANGE a | |||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
MPC | CHV only | CHV + CCT | 3 groupcomp.P-value | MPC | CHV only | CHV + CCT | 3 group comp. P-value | |||||||
% | (95% CI) | % | (95% CI) | % | (95% CI) | % | (95% CI) | % | (95% CI) | % | (95% CI) | |||
Diabetes Care Utilization | ||||||||||||||
Regular diabetes care visits | −7.1% | (−16.3,2.1) | −2.8% | (− 13.4,7.8) | 15.3% | (5.9,24.7) | 0.002 | −4.9% | (−14.5,4.7) | −0.5% | (−11.9,10.9) | 15.1% | (5.4,24.8) | 0.008 |
Regular care not sought b/c of cost | −4.4% | (−12.5,3.6) | −3.0% | (−9.1,3.0) | 2.2% | (−0.9,5.3) | 0.138 | −5.4% | (−13.6,2.8) | − 3.4% | (− 10.3,3.6) | 2.1% | (− 1.6,5.7) | 0.140 |
Health Provider Visits b | ||||||||||||||
General Practitioner | 2.2% | (−6.2,10.5) | 3.5% | (−7.8,14.8) | 8.3% | (0.6,15.9) | 0.548 | 0.9% | (−7.8,9.6) | 1.7% | (−10.0,13.3) | 7.9% | (−0.1,15.9) | 0.425 |
Other doctor/specialist | 2.7% | (−8.9,14.4) | −25.6% | (−38.7,-12.6) | 19.2% | (9.5,28.8) | < 0.001 | 1.8% | (−10.3,13.9) | −27.8% | (−41.5,-14.0) | 16.8% | (6.6,27.0) | < 0.001 |
Pharmacist | −6.4% | (−16.3,3.6) | −24.1% | (−37.5,-10.7) | −11.2% | (−20.2,-2.2) | 0.112 | −6.1% | (−16.1,4.0) | −24.1% | (−37.9,-10.4) | − 12.7% | (− 22.2,-3.2) | 0.106 |
Hospital Visit | −2.4% | (−11.5,6.8) | − 11.1% | (− 22.1,-0.1) | −0.9% | (−9.1,7.3) | 0.321 | −3.3% | (− 12.9,6.2) | − 11.5% | (−22.9,-0.1) | −1.6% | (− 10.6,7.3) | 0.359 |
Provider selected for cost-related reasons | −5.4% | (−15.7,4.9) | 0.3% | (− 14.0,14.7) | − 25.5% | (− 35.4,-15.7) | 0.003 | − 4.1% | (−14.9,6.7) | 1.9% | (−12.8,16.7) | −22.8% | (− 33.5,-12.2) | 0.007 |
Did not receive all needed care due to cost c | −2.9% | (−14.6,8.8) | −5.0% | (− 19.2,9.2) | − 25.2% | (− 35.3,-15.2) | 0.008 | −3.6% | (− 15.6,8.4) | −6.4% | (− 21.5,8.7) | −26.2% | (− 36.7,-15.7) | 0.009 |
Body Mass Index (BMI) | ||||||||||||||
BMI (mean) | − 0.7 | (−1.4,-0.1) | − 0.4 | (− 1.1,0.3) | − 0.8 | (−1.4,-0.1) | 0.698 | − 0.6 | (− 1.3,0.0) | −0.7 | (− 1.5,0.1) | −1.0 | (− 1.7,-0.3) | 0.728 |
Normal (BMI < 25 kg/m2) | 0.9% | (− 1.1,2.8) | 3.0% | (− 1.6,7.6) | 0.7% | (−2.5,3.8) | 0.681 | 0.6% | (−1.6,2.8) | 3.2% | (−1.5,7.9) | 0.9% | (−2.7,4.5) | 0.607 |
Overweight (BMI 25–29 kg/m2) | 7.0% | (1.4,12.5) | 0.4% | (−6.6,7.4) | −0.6% | (−6.8,5.6) | 0.150 | 4.5% | (−1.4,10.4) | −1.2% | (−8.5,6.1) | − 1.8% | (− 8.5,5.0) | 0.281 |
Obese (BMI > 30 kg/m2) | −7.9% | (− 13.5,-2.3) | −3.4% | (−10.2,3.4) | 0.0% | (− 5.9,5.8) | 0.163 | − 5.1% | (− 11.0,0.8) | −2.0% | (− 8.8,4.8) | 0.9% | (− 5.5,7.3) | 0.365 |
Blood Glucose | ||||||||||||||
HbA1C (mean %) | −0.2 | (−0.4,0.0) | − 0.6 | (− 0.8,-0.3) | −0.4 | (− 0.6,− 0.2) | 0.073 | -0.2 | (− 0.5,0.0) | −0.7 | (− 1.1,-0.4) | − 0.5 | (− 0.7,-0.3) | 0.032 |
HbA1C < 7.0% | 4.2% | (− 2.4,10.8) | 6.0% | (− 2.1,14.1) | 9.2% | (2.3,16.1) | 0.582 | 5.4% | (−1.5,12.2) | 9.1% | (0.1,18.0) | 11.7% | (4.4,19.1) | 0.427 |
HbA1C = 7.0–7.9% | 0.4% | (−7.0,7.9) | 1.1% | (−6.5,8.7) | −2.0% | (− 9.0,5.1) | 0.827 | 0.1% | (−7.6,7.8) | 0.3% | (−7.8,8.5) | −2.8% | (−9.9,4.4) | 0.806 |
HbA1C ≥ 8.0% | −4.7% | (−11.1,1.8) | −7.1% | (−15.3,1.2) | −7.3% | (− 13.7,-0.9) | 0.831 | −5.4% | (− 12.1,1.3) | −9.4% | (− 18.7,-0.1) | − 9.0% | (− 15.8,-2.1) | 0.682 |
Blood Pressure (BP) | ||||||||||||||
Systolic blood pressure (mean) | −2.6 | (−5.9,0.7) | −1.3 | (−4.6,2.0) | − 1.3 | (− 4.0,1.3) | 0.816 | − 2.3 | (− 5.7,1.1) | −0.9 | (−4.4,2.6) | − 0.4 | (−3.3,2.5) | 0.676 |
Diastolic blood pressure (mean) | − 1.8 | (−3.6,0.0) | −2.9 | (− 5.2,-0.6) | − 3.7 | (− 5.5,-1.8) | 0.354 | −1.6 | (− 3.5,0.3) | − 2.5 | (− 5.0,0.0) | −3.3 | (− 5.3,-1.3) | 0.463 |
Normal BP (< 140/90) | 8.5% | (0.2,16.7) | 5.8% | (−3.4,15.1) | 12.0% | (4.3,19.8) | 0.588 | 8.4% | (−0.1,16.8) | 6.2% | (−3.9,16.2) | 11.3% | (3.2,19.4) | 0.704 |
High BP (> 140/90) | −8.5% | (−16.7,-0.2) | −5.8% | (−15.1,3.4) | − 12.0% | (− 19.8,-4.3) | 0.588 | − 8.4% | (− 16.8,0.1) | −6.2% | (− 16.2,3.9) | −11.3% | (− 19.4,-3.2) | 0.704 |