Skip to main content

Table 5 Association between depression and traumatic experiences

From: Conflict-related violence and mental health among self-settled Democratic Republic of Congo female refugees in Kampala, Uganda – a respondent driven sampling survey

Type of violence

Depression

Goodness of fit

Unadjusted OR (95% CI)

p-value

Adjusted OR

(95% CI)*

p-value

F-statistic

p-value

Sexual violence

 Rape

2.41 (1.28–4.53)

0.01

2.30 (1.21–4.38)

0.01

1.57

0.12

 Gang rape

1.56 (0.75–3.25)

0.24

1.62 (0.78–3.36)

0.20

  

 Pregnancy resulting from rape

1.96 (1.05–3.68)

0.04

1.70 (0.89–3.23)

0.11

0.85

0.57

 Rape before displacement

1.28 (0.71–2.27)

0.41

1.21 (0.67–2.18)

0.52

1.89

0.05

 Rape during flight

0.90 (0.50–1.63)

0.73

1.03 (0.57–1.88)

0.91

1.96

0.04

 Rape after displacement

1.44 (0.74–2.80)

0.28

1.45 (0.74–2.81)

0.27

1.80

0.07

Non-sexual traumatic experiences

 Lack of access to health care

1.71 (0.96–3.07)

0.07

1.71 (0.94–3.11)

0.08

1.58

0.12

 Destruction of property

2.59 (1.27–5.31)

0.01

1.88 (0.90–3.94)

0.09

1.74

0.08

 Forced labor

1.58 (0.95–2.62)

0.08

1.72 (1.01–2.94)

0.05

0.85

0.57

 Forced to betray family or friend, risking their lives

2.30 (0.91–5.82)

0.08

2.43 (0.98–5.99)

0.05

1.96

0.04

 Death of family/friend

1.59 (0.96–2.64)

0.07

1.64 (0.98–2.76)

0.06

1.04

0.41

 Disappearance, kidnapping of spouse /child

2.13 (1.28–3.53)

< 0.01

1.99 (1.16–3.40)

0.01

2.25

0.02

  < =10 traumatic experiences

Ref.

     

 Between 11 and 15 traumatic experiences

1.25 (0.91–1.73)

0.17

1.19 (0.84–1.67)

0.32

1.19

0.30

  > 15 traumatic experiences

1.21 (0.73–1.99)

0.47

1.2- (0.71–2.02)

0.49

1.55

0.13