TY - JOUR AU - Bedard, K. AU - Deschênes, O. PY - 2006 DA - 2006// TI - The long-term impact of military service on health: evidence from world war II and Korean war veterans JO - Am Econ Rev VL - 96 UR - https://doi.org/10.1257/000282806776157731 DO - 10.1257/000282806776157731 ID - Bedard2006 ER - TY - BOOK AU - Levy, B. S. AU - Sidel, V. W. PY - 2008 DA - 2008// TI - War and public health PB - Oxford University Press CY - USA UR - https://doi.org/10.1093/acprof:oso/9780195311181.001.0001 DO - 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780195311181.001.0001 ID - Levy2008 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Spiro, A. AU - Settersten, R. A. PY - 2012 DA - 2012// TI - Long-term implications of military Service for Later-Life Health and Well-Being JO - Res Hum Dev VL - 9 UR - https://doi.org/10.1080/15427609.2012.705551 DO - 10.1080/15427609.2012.705551 ID - Spiro2012 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Jong, J. T. V. M. PY - 2001 DA - 2001// TI - Lifetime events and posttraumatic stress disorder in 4 Postconflict settings JO - JAMA. VL - 286 UR - https://doi.org/10.1001/jama.286.5.555 DO - 10.1001/jama.286.5.555 ID - Jong2001 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Fontana, A. AU - Rosenheck, R. PY - 1999 DA - 1999// TI - Model of war zone stressors and posttraumatic stress disorder JO - J Trauma Stress VL - 12 UR - https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1024750417154 DO - 10.1023/A:1024750417154 ID - Fontana1999 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Keane, T. M. AU - Fairbank, J. A. AU - Caddell, J. M. AU - Zimmering, R. T. AU - Taylor, K. L. AU - Mora, C. A. PY - 1989 DA - 1989// TI - Clinical evaluation of a measure to assess combat exposure JO - Psychol Assess J Consult Clin Psychol VL - 1 ID - Keane1989 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Durai, U. N. B. AU - Chopra, M. P. AU - Coakley, E. AU - Llorente, M. D. AU - Kirchner, J. E. AU - Cook, J. M. PY - 2011 DA - 2011// TI - Exposure to trauma and posttraumatic stress disorder symptoms in older veterans attending primary care: comorbid conditions and self-rated health status JO - J Am Geriatr Soc VL - 59 UR - https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1532-5415.2011.03407.x DO - 10.1111/j.1532-5415.2011.03407.x ID - Durai2011 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Gallers, J. AU - Foy, D. W. AU - Donahoe, C. P. AU - Goldfarb, J. PY - 1988 DA - 1988// TI - Post-traumatic stress disorder in Vietnam combat veterans: effects of traumatic violence exposure and military adjustment JO - J Trauma Stress VL - 1 UR - https://doi.org/10.1002/jts.2490010206 DO - 10.1002/jts.2490010206 ID - Gallers1988 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Johnson, A. M. AU - Rose, K. M. AU - Elder, G. H. AU - Chambless, L. E. AU - Kaufman, J. S. AU - Heiss, G. PY - 2010 DA - 2010// TI - Military combat and risk of coronary heart disease and ischemic stroke in aging men: the atherosclerosis risk in communities (ARIC) study JO - Ann Epidemiol VL - 20 UR - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.annepidem.2009.10.006 DO - 10.1016/j.annepidem.2009.10.006 ID - Johnson2010 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Nichter, B. AU - Norman, S. AU - Haller, M. AU - Pietrzak, R. PY - 2019 DA - 2019// TI - Physical health burden of PTSD, depression, and their comorbidity in the U.S. veteran population: morbidity, functioning, and disability JO - J Psychosom Res VL - 124 ID - Nichter2019 ER - TY - JOUR AU - O’Toole, B. I. AU - Catts, S. V. PY - 2008 DA - 2008// TI - Trauma, PTSD, and physical health: an epidemiological study of Australian Vietnam veterans JO - J Psychosom Res VL - 64 UR - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpsychores.2007.07.006 DO - 10.1016/j.jpsychores.2007.07.006 ID - O’Toole2008 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Kimbrel, N. A. AU - Evans, L. D. AU - Patel, A. B. AU - Wilson, L. C. AU - Meyer, E. C. AU - Gulliver, S. B. PY - 2014 DA - 2014// TI - The critical warzone experiences (CWE) scale - initial psychometric properties and association with PTSD, anxiety, and depression JO - Psychiatry Res VL - 220 UR - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psychres.2014.08.053 DO - 10.1016/j.psychres.2014.08.053 ID - Kimbrel2014 ER - TY - JOUR AU - King, L. A. AU - King, D. W. AU - Vogt, D. S. AU - Knight, J. AU - Samper, R. E. PY - 2006 DA - 2006// TI - Deployment risk and resilience inventory: a collection of measures for studying deployment-related experiences of military personnel and veterans JO - Mil Psychol VL - 18 UR - https://doi.org/10.1207/s15327876mp1802_1 DO - 10.1207/s15327876mp1802_1 ID - King2006 ER - TY - BOOK AU - Kulka, R. A. AU - Schlenger, W. E. AU - Fairbank, J. A. AU - Hough, R. L. AU - Jordan, B. K. AU - Marmar, C. R. PY - 1988 DA - 1988// TI - Contractual report of findings from the National Vietnam Veterans Readjustment Study PB - Research Triangle Institute CY - Research Triangle Park, NC ID - Kulka1988 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Laufer, R. S. AU - Gallops, M. S. AU - Frey-Wouters, E. PY - 1984 DA - 1984// TI - War stress and trauma: the Vietnam veteran experience JO - J Health Soc Behav VL - 25 UR - https://doi.org/10.2307/2136705 DO - 10.2307/2136705 ID - Laufer1984 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Fodor, K. E. AU - Unterhitzenberger, J. AU - Chou, C. -. Y. AU - Kartal, D. AU - Leistner, S. AU - Milosavljevic, M. PY - 2014 DA - 2014// TI - Is traumatic stress research global? A bibliometric analysis JO - Eur J Psychotraumatol VL - 5 UR - https://doi.org/10.3402/ejpt.v5.23269 DO - 10.3402/ejpt.v5.23269 ID - Fodor2014 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Roelfs, D. AU - Shor, E. AU - Davidson, K. AU - Schwartz, J. PY - 2010 DA - 2010// TI - War-related stress exposure and mortality: a meta-analysis JO - Int J Epidemiol VL - 39 UR - https://doi.org/10.1093/ije/dyq132 DO - 10.1093/ije/dyq132 ID - Roelfs2010 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Guillemot, F. PY - 2009 DA - 2009// TI - Death and suffering at first hand: youth shock brigades during the Vietnam war (1950––1975) JO - J Vietnam Stud VL - 4 UR - https://doi.org/10.1525/vs.2009.4.3.17 DO - 10.1525/vs.2009.4.3.17 ID - Guillemot2009 ER - TY - STD TI - American Psychiatric Association. Trauma [Internet]. American Psychiatric Association. 2019. Available from: https://www.apa.org/topics/trauma/ UR - https://www.apa.org/topics/trauma/ ID - ref19 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Green, B. L. PY - 1990 DA - 1990// TI - Defining trauma: terminology and generic stressor Dimensions1 JO - J Appl Soc Psychol VL - 20 UR - https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1559-1816.1990.tb01498.x DO - 10.1111/j.1559-1816.1990.tb01498.x ID - Green1990 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Keane, T. M. PY - 1985 DA - 1985// TI - Defining traumatic stress: some comments on the current terminological confusion JO - Behav Ther VL - 16 UR - https://doi.org/10.1016/S0005-7894(85)80009-5 DO - 10.1016/S0005-7894(85)80009-5 ID - Keane1985 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Weathers, F. W. AU - Keane, T. M. PY - 2007 DA - 2007// TI - The criterion a problem revisited: controversies and challenges in defining and measuring psychological trauma JO - J Trauma Stress VL - 20 UR - https://doi.org/10.1002/jts.20210 DO - 10.1002/jts.20210 ID - Weathers2007 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Charak, R. AU - Armour, C. AU - Elklit, A. AU - Angmo, D. AU - Elhai, J. D. AU - Koot, H. M. PY - 2014 DA - 2014// TI - Factor structure of PTSD, and relation with gender in trauma survivors from India JO - Eur J Psychotraumatol VL - 5 UR - https://doi.org/10.3402/ejpt.v5.25547 DO - 10.3402/ejpt.v5.25547 ID - Charak2014 ER - TY - STD TI - American Psychiatric Association. Trauma- and Stressor-Related Disorders. In: Fifth Edition. Arlington, VA: American Psychiatric Association; 2014. Available from: https://dsm.psychiatryonline.org/doi/full/https://doi.org/10.1176/appi.books.9780890425596.dsm07#BABJAEHE ID - ref24 ER - TY - JOUR AU - King, D. W. AU - King, L. A. AU - Gudanowski, D. M. AU - Vreven, D. L. PY - 1995 DA - 1995// TI - Alternative representations of war zone stressors: relationships to posttraumatic stress disorder in male and female Vietnam veterans JO - J Abnorm Psychol VL - 104 UR - https://doi.org/10.1037/0021-843X.104.1.184 DO - 10.1037/0021-843X.104.1.184 ID - King1995 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Guyker, W. M. AU - Donnelly, K. AU - Donnelly, J. P. AU - Dunnam, M. AU - Warner, G. C. AU - Kittleson, J. PY - 2013 DA - 2013// TI - Dimensionality, reliability, and validity of the combat experiences scale JO - Mil Med VL - 178 UR - https://doi.org/10.7205/MILMED-D-12-00223 DO - 10.7205/MILMED-D-12-00223 ID - Guyker2013 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Hoge, C. W. AU - Castro, C. A. AU - Messer, S. C. AU - McGurk, D. AU - Cotting, D. I. AU - Koffman, R. L. PY - 2004 DA - 2004// TI - Combat duty in Iraq and Afghanistan, mental health problems, and barriers to care JO - N Engl J Med VL - 351 UR - https://doi.org/10.1056/NEJMoa040603 DO - 10.1056/NEJMoa040603 ID - Hoge2004 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Drescher, K. D. AU - Foy, D. W. PY - 2008 DA - 2008// TI - When they come home: posttraumatic stress, moral injury, and spiritual consequences for veterans JO - Reflective Pract Form Superv Minist VL - 28 ID - Drescher2008 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Litz, B. T. AU - Stein, N. AU - Delaney, E. AU - Lebowitz, L. AU - Nash, W. P. AU - Silva, C. PY - 2009 DA - 2009// TI - Moral injury and moral repair in war veterans: a preliminary model and intervention strategy JO - Clin Psychol Rev VL - 29 UR - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cpr.2009.07.003 DO - 10.1016/j.cpr.2009.07.003 ID - Litz2009 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Griffin, B. J. AU - Purcell, N. AU - Burkman, K. AU - Litz, B. T. AU - Bryan, C. J. AU - Schmitz, M. PY - 2019 DA - 2019// TI - Moral injury: an integrative review JO - J Trauma Stress VL - 32 UR - https://doi.org/10.1002/jts.22362 DO - 10.1002/jts.22362 ID - Griffin2019 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Grady, D. A. AU - Woolfolk, R. L. AU - Budney, A. J. PY - 1989 DA - 1989// TI - Dimensions of war zone stress. An empirical analysis JO - J Nerv Ment Dis VL - 177 UR - https://doi.org/10.1097/00005053-198906000-00005 DO - 10.1097/00005053-198906000-00005 ID - Grady1989 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Bell, V. AU - Méndez, F. AU - Martínez, C. AU - Palma, P. P. AU - Bosch, M. PY - 2012 DA - 2012// TI - Characteristics of the Colombian armed conflict and the mental health of civilians living in active conflict zones JO - Confl Health. VL - 6 UR - https://doi.org/10.1186/1752-1505-6-10 DO - 10.1186/1752-1505-6-10 ID - Bell2012 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Hauff, E. AU - Vaglum, P. PY - 1995 DA - 1995// TI - Organised violence and the stress of exile: predictors of mental health in a community cohort of Vietnamese refugees three years after resettlement JO - Br J Psychiatry VL - 166 UR - https://doi.org/10.1192/bjp.166.3.360 DO - 10.1192/bjp.166.3.360 ID - Hauff1995 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Siriwardhana, C. AU - Ali, S. S. AU - Roberts, B. AU - Stewart, R. PY - 2014 DA - 2014// TI - A systematic review of resilience and mental health outcomes of conflict-driven adult forced migrants JO - Confl Health. VL - 8 UR - https://doi.org/10.1186/1752-1505-8-13 DO - 10.1186/1752-1505-8-13 ID - Siriwardhana2014 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Porter, M. AU - Haslam, N. PY - 2005 DA - 2005// TI - Predisplacement and Postdisplacement factors associated with mental health of refugees and internally displaced persons: a meta-analysis JO - JAMA. VL - 294 UR - https://doi.org/10.1001/jama.294.5.602 DO - 10.1001/jama.294.5.602 ID - Porter2005 ER - TY - STD TI - Clodfelter M. Vietnam in military statistics: a history of the Indochina wars, 1772–1991. Jefferson, North Carolina: McFarland & Company; 1995. ID - ref36 ER - TY - BOOK AU - Weisner, L. A. PY - 1988 DA - 1988// TI - Victims and survivors: displaced persons and other war victims in Vietnam, 1954–1975 PB - Greenwood Press CY - Westport, CT ID - Weisner1988 ER - TY - STD TI - Rottman GL. North Vietnamese Army soldier 1958–1975. Bloomsbury Press; 2012. ID - ref38 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Korinek, K. AU - Teerawichitchainan, B. AU - Zimmer, Z. AU - Brindle, E. AU - Nguyen, T. K. C. AU - Nguyen, H. M. PY - 2019 DA - 2019// TI - Design and measurement in a study of war exposure, health, and aging: protocol for the Vietnam health and aging study JO - BMC Public Health VL - 19 UR - https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-019-7680-6 DO - 10.1186/s12889-019-7680-6 ID - Korinek2019 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Miguel, E. AU - Roland, G. PY - 2011 DA - 2011// TI - The long-run impact of bombing Vietnam JO - J Dev Econ VL - 96 UR - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jdeveco.2010.07.004 DO - 10.1016/j.jdeveco.2010.07.004 ID - Miguel2011 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Lang, A. J. AU - Wilkins, K. AU - Roy-Byrne, P. P. AU - Golinelli, D. AU - Chavira, D. AU - Sherbourne, C. PY - 2012 DA - 2012// TI - Abbreviated PTSD checklist (PCL) as a guide to clinical response JO - Gen Hosp Psychiatry VL - 34 UR - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.genhosppsych.2012.02.003 DO - 10.1016/j.genhosppsych.2012.02.003 ID - Lang2012 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Lang, A. J. AU - Stein, M. B. PY - 2005 DA - 2005// TI - An abbreviated PTSD checklist for use as a screening instrument in primary care JO - Behav Res Ther VL - 43 UR - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.brat.2004.04.005 DO - 10.1016/j.brat.2004.04.005 ID - Lang2005 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Price, M. AU - Szafranski, D. D. AU - Stolk-Cooke, K. AU - Gros, D. F. PY - 2016 DA - 2016// TI - Investigation of abbreviated 4 and 8 item versions of the PTSD checklist 5 JO - Psychiatry Res VL - 239 UR - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psychres.2016.03.014 DO - 10.1016/j.psychres.2016.03.014 ID - Price2016 ER - TY - STD TI - Brown TA. Confirmatory Factor Analysis for Applied Research. Second. New York: Guilford Press; 2015. (Little TD, editor. Methodology in the Social Sciences). ID - ref44 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Bernstein, I. H. AU - Teng, G. PY - 1989 DA - 1989// TI - Factoring items and factoring scales are different: spurious evidence for multidimensionality due to item categorization JO - Psychol Bull VL - 105 UR - https://doi.org/10.1037/0033-2909.105.3.467 DO - 10.1037/0033-2909.105.3.467 ID - Bernstein1989 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Fabrigar, L. R. AU - Wegener, D. T. AU - MacCallum, R. C. AU - Strahan, E. J. PY - 1999 DA - 1999// TI - Evaluating the use of exploratory factor analysis in psychological research JO - Psychol Methods VL - 4 UR - https://doi.org/10.1037/1082-989X.4.3.272 DO - 10.1037/1082-989X.4.3.272 ID - Fabrigar1999 ER - TY - STD TI - Osborne JW. Best Practices in Exploratory Factor Analysis. Scotts Valley: CA: CreateSpace Independent Publishing; 2014. 1–77 p. ID - ref47 ER - TY - STD TI - StataCorp. Stata 15 Base Reference Manual. College Station, TX: Stata Press; 2017. ID - ref48 ER - TY - BOOK AU - Harman, H. H. PY - 1976 DA - 1976// TI - Modern factor analysis PB - University of Chicago Press CY - Chicago ID - Harman1976 ER - TY - BOOK AU - DeVellis, R. F. PY - 2017 DA - 2017// TI - Scale development: theory and applications PB - SAGE Publications CY - Thousand Oaks, CA ID - DeVellis2017 ER - TY - BOOK AU - Price, L. R. PY - 2017 DA - 2017// TI - Psychometric methods: theory into practice PB - Guilford Press CY - New York ID - Price2017 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Velicer, W. F. AU - Jackson, D. N. PY - 1990 DA - 1990// TI - Component analysis versus common factor analysis: some further observations JO - Multivar Behav Res VL - 25 UR - https://doi.org/10.1207/s15327906mbr2501_12 DO - 10.1207/s15327906mbr2501_12 ID - Velicer1990 ER - TY - STD TI - Tabachnick BG, Fidell LS. Principal components and factor analysis. In: Using Multivariate Statistics. 7th ed. N Y; 2019. p. 476–527. ID - ref53 ER - TY - BOOK AU - Yu, C. -. Y. PY - 2002 DA - 2002// TI - Evaluating cutoff criteria of model fit indices for latent variable models with binary and continuous outcomes PB - University of California CY - Los Angeles ID - Yu2002 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Hu, L. T. AU - Bentler, P. M. PY - 2009 DA - 2009// TI - Cutoff criteria for fit indexes in covariance structure analysis: conventional criteria versus new alternatives JO - Struct Equ Model Multidiscip J VL - 6 UR - https://doi.org/10.1080/10705519909540118 DO - 10.1080/10705519909540118 ID - Hu2009 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Padilla, M. A. AU - Divers, J. PY - 2015 DA - 2015// TI - A comparison of composite reliability estimators JO - Educ Psychol Meas VL - 76 UR - https://doi.org/10.1177/0013164415593776 DO - 10.1177/0013164415593776 ID - Padilla2015 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Fornell, C. AU - Larcker, D. F. PY - 1981 DA - 1981// TI - Structural equation models with unobservable variables and measurement error: algebra and statistics JO - J Mark Res VL - 18 UR - https://doi.org/10.1177/002224378101800313 DO - 10.1177/002224378101800313 ID - Fornell1981 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Anderson, J. C. AU - Gerbing, D. W. PY - 2004 DA - 2004// TI - Structural equation modeling in practice: a review and recommended two-step approach JO - Psychol Bull VL - 103 UR - https://doi.org/10.1037/0033-2909.103.3.411 DO - 10.1037/0033-2909.103.3.411 ID - Anderson2004 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Cunningham, W. A. AU - Preacher, K. J. AU - Banaji, M. R. PY - 2001 DA - 2001// TI - Implicit attitude measures: consistency, stability, and convergent validity JO - Psychol Sci VL - 12 UR - https://doi.org/10.1111/1467-9280.00328 DO - 10.1111/1467-9280.00328 ID - Cunningham2001 ER - TY - BOOK AU - Netemeyer, R. G. AU - Bearden, W. O. AU - Sharma, S. PY - 2003 DA - 2003// TI - Scaling procedures: issues and applications PB - SAGE Publications CY - Thousand Oaks UR - https://doi.org/10.4135/9781412985772 DO - 10.4135/9781412985772 ID - Netemeyer2003 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Costello, A. B. AU - Osborne, J. W. PY - 2005 DA - 2005// TI - Best practices in exploratory factor analysis: four recommendations for getting the Most from your analysis JO - Pract Assess Res Eval VL - 10 ID - Costello2005 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Chen, F. AU - Bollen, K. A. AU - Paxton, P. AU - Curran, P. J. AU - Kirby, J. B. PY - 2001 DA - 2001// TI - Improper solutions in structural equation models: causes, consequences, and strategies JO - Sociol Methods Res VL - 29 UR - https://doi.org/10.1177/0049124101029004003 DO - 10.1177/0049124101029004003 ID - Chen2001 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Heptinstall, E. AU - Sethna, V. AU - Taylor, E. PY - 2004 DA - 2004// TI - PTSD and depression in refugee children: associations with pre-migration trauma and post-migration stress JO - Eur Child Adolesc Psychiatry VL - 13 UR - https://doi.org/10.1007/s00787-004-0422-y DO - 10.1007/s00787-004-0422-y ID - Heptinstall2004 ER - TY - STD TI - Wilson JP, Smith WK, Johnson SK. A comparative analysis of PTSD among various survivor groups. In: Figley CR, editor. Trauma And Its Wake. Routledge; 2013. ID - ref64 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Miller, K. E. AU - Rasmussen, A. PY - 2010 DA - 2010// TI - War exposure, daily stressors, and mental health in conflict and post-conflict settings: bridging the divide between trauma-focused and psychosocial frameworks JO - Soc Sci Med VL - 70 UR - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.socscimed.2009.09.029 DO - 10.1016/j.socscimed.2009.09.029 ID - Miller2010 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Wang, S. -. J. AU - Salihu, M. AU - Rushiti, F. AU - Bala, L. AU - Modvig, J. PY - 2010 DA - 2010// TI - Survivors of the war in the northern Kosovo: violence exposure, risk factors and public health effects of an ethnic conflict JO - Confl Health VL - 4 UR - https://doi.org/10.1186/1752-1505-4-11 DO - 10.1186/1752-1505-4-11 ID - Wang2010 ER - TY - STD TI - Korinek K, Yvette Y, Bussarawan T, Nguyen T, Kim C, Miles K, Zachary Z. Is War Hard on the Heart? Gender, Wartime Stress and Late Life Cardiovascular Conditions in a Population of Vietnamese Older Adults. Soc Sci Med. 2020;265:113380. ID - ref67 ER - TY - STD TI - Arnoldy B. In Afghanistan, Taliban kills more civilians than US. Christian Science Monitor. 2009; Available from: https://www.csmonitor.com/World/Asia-South-Central/2009/0731/p06s15-wosc.html UR - https://www.csmonitor.com/World/Asia-South-Central/2009/0731/p06s15-wosc.html ID - ref68 ER -