From: Country and gender differences in the association between violence and cigarette smoking among youth
Girls (N = 2310) | Boys (N = 2214) | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Argentina N = 1575 N (%)a | oPt N = 735 N (%)a | p-value | Argentina N = 1322 N (%)a | oPt N = 892 N (%)a | p-value | |
Verbal violence | ||||||
From family | 515 (32.6) | 355 (48.4) | < 0.001 | 275 (20.1) | 419 (47.1) | < 0.001 |
Physical violence | ||||||
From family | 270 (16.8) | 362 (49.3) | < 0.001 | 145 (10.6) | 503 (56.4) | < 0.001 |
From non-family | 183 (12.1) | 726 (98.8) | < 0.001 | 319 (26.2) | 864 (96.8) | < 0.001 |
From family or non-family | 391 (24.8) | 732 (99.6) | < 0.001 | 418 (33.3) | 880 (98.6) | < 0.001 |
Verbal or physical violence | ||||||
From family | 569 (35.9) | 456 (62.2) | < 0.001 | 315 (23.2) | 595 (66.8) | < 0.001 |
From family or non-family | 651 (41.2) | 732 (99.6) | < 0.001 | 528 (41.1) | 881 (98.7) | < 0.001 |