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Table 1 Count of outbreaks (approximate cumulative suspected and confirmed case counts) reported in displaced persons, by WHO region, 1996-2016. N = 128 (846319)

From: Infectious disease outbreaks among forcibly displaced persons: an analysis of ProMED reports 1996–2016

Reported Pathogen or Syndrome
  Location of Outbreak by WHO Region        
  Africa Eastern Mediterranean Europe Latin Americaa North Americaa South-East Asia Western Pacific Total
Malaria-like disease 1 (20)        1(20)
Acute abdominal pain       1 (85)   1 (85)
Anthrax       1 (1500)   1 (1500)
Bacterial meningitis 1 (141)        1 (141)
Chickenpox       1 (12000)   1 (12000)
VZVb & scabies 1 (1000)        1 (1000)
Cholera 23 (15882) 5 (2262)   1 (527000)   5 (576)   34 (545720)
Cutaneous diphtheria    1 (9)      1 (9)
Cutaneous leishmaniasis   6 (152676)       6 (152676)
Dengue   1 (185)     2 (905) 2 (23) 5 (1113)
Diarrhea, unspecified    1 (500)    2 (1500)   3 (2000)
Diphtheria, non-cutaneous   1 (130)       1 (130)
Ebola hemorrhagic fever 1 (119)        1 (119)
Ebola-suspected    1 (1)      1 (1)
Gastroenteritis       1 (100)   1 (100)
Hepatitis E 8 (15793)        8 (15793)
Lassa fever 1 (88)        1 (88)
Leprosy       1 (not reported)   1 (−)
Louse-borne relapsing fever    3 (18)      3 (18)
Malaria      1 (15) 1 (50)   2 (65)
Marburg virus 1 (5)        1 (5)
Measles 12 (1563) 1 (42) 6 (974)   2 (5)    21 (2584)
Meningococcal meningitis 1 (26)        1 (26)
Meningitis, unknown pathogen   1 (6)     1 (4)   2 (10)
Monkeypox 1 (150)        1 (150)
Poliomyelitis 5 (128) 2 (70)       7 (198)
Rift Valley fever 1 (80)        1 (80)
Salmonella   1 (237)       1 (237)
Scabies   1 (1)       1 (1)
Shigella flexneri 1 (1062)        1 (1062)
Skin rashes & cholera       1 (6500)   1 (6500)
Syphilis    1 (112)      1 (112)
Tuberculosis   1 (50)       1 (50)
Tetanus       1 (72)   1 (72)
Trypanosomiasis 1 (490)        1 (490)
Typhoid fever   2 (99) 1 (24)     1 (2) 4 (125)
Typhus (epidemic) 1 (100000)        1 (100000)
Suspected yellow fever 1 (55)        1 (55)
Unknown 2 (23)        2 (23)
Visceral leishmaniasis 1 (1800)        1 (1800)
Yellow fever 3 (161)        3 (161)
Total 67 (138586) 22 (155758) 14 (1638) 1 (527000) 3 (20) 18 (23292) 3 (25) 128 (846319)
  1. aWHO region ‘Americas’ subdivided here into Latin America and North America in order to display data at a more granular level
  2. bVZV varicella zoster virus
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Conflict and Health

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