Table 4 Ethical considerations: incentive use, establishing trust, transparency, benefits, results sharing
Ethical Consideration | N (%) |
|---|---|
Use of Incentives | |
 Yes | 66 (22.9) |
 Unknown/not mentioned | 222 (77.1) |
Investigator(s) Transparency1 | |
 Mentioned | 166 (57.6) |
 Unknown/not mentioned | 122 (42.4) |
Establishment of Trust by Investigators2 | |
 Yes | 114 (39.6) |
 Unknown/not mentioned | 174 (60.4) |
Stakeholder Engagement (not mutually exclusive, n = 262)3 | |
 Health clinics/hospitals | 110 (38.2) |
 Community members | 88 (30.6) |
 Local nonprofit/nongovernmental organization | 71 (24.7) |
 Community leaders/elders | 43 (14.9) |
 National government | 29 (10.1) |
 Local government | 22 (7.6) |
 Local private business | 6 (2.1) |
 Other | 28 (9.7) |
 Unknown/not mentioned | 26 (9.0) |
Community Assisted with Recruitment | |
 Yes | 145 (50.4) |
 Unknown/not mentioned | 143 (49.6) |
Cultural Practices Considered (not mutually exclusive, n = 121) | |
 Gender norms | 49 (17.0) |
 Permission to conduct | 22 (7.6) |
 Social hierarchy/order | 23 (8.0) |
 Age hierarchy | 9 (3.1) |
 Religious norms | 10 (3.5) |
 Other | 41 (14.2) |
 Unknown/not mentioned | 167 (58.0) |
Results Presented to Participants | |
 Yes | 25 (8.7) |
 Unknown/not mentioned | 263 (91.3) |
Results Presented to Community | |
 Yes | 9 (3.1) |
 Unknown/not mentioned | 279 (96.9) |
Social Justice/Health Equity Considered | |
 Mentioned | 60 (20.8) |
 Unknown/not mentioned | 228 (79.2) |
Community Empowerment | |
 Trainings | 21 (7.3) |
 Community education | 20 (6.9) |
 Resources provided | 12 (4.2) |
 Provided a voice | 2 (0.7) |
 Unknown/not mentioned | 233 (80.9) |
Intervention Provided to Larger Community (n = 39) | |
 Yes | 5 (12.8) |
 Unknown/not mentioned | 34 (87.2) |
Support of Intervention Post-investigation | |
 Yes | 35 (12.2) |
 Unknown/not mentioned | 253 (87.8) |
Community Provided with Resources to Continue Intervention | |
 Yes | 11 (3.8) |
 Unknown/not mentioned | 277 (96.2) |