Skip to main content

Table 1 Characteristics of 288 articles in review of ethical considerations: author nationality, funding source, investigation design

From: Research ethics and refugee health: a review of reported considerations and applications in published refugee health literature, 2015-2018

CharacteristicN (%)
Investigator’s Home Country, top four and other
 United States90 (31.3)
 Australia43 (14.9)
 Germany16 (5.6)
 Canada15 (5.2)
 Other124 (43.1)
Primary Institution
 Academic institution212 (73.6)
 Medical institution47 (16.3)
 National government17 (5.9)
 Nonprofit/nongovernmental organization7 (2.4)
 State/local government2 (0.7)
 Other3 (1.0)
Primary Funding Source
 National government76 (26.4)
 Academic institution46 (16.0)
 Nonprofit/nongovernmental organization31 (10.8)
 Medical institution21 (7.3)
 Private14 (4.9)
 State/local government4 (1.4)
 Other13 (4.5)
 None11 (3.8)
 Unknown/not mentioned72 (25.0)
 Investigation Design
 Cross-sectional234 (81.3)
 Prospective cohort29 (10.1)
 Randomized control trial7 (2.4)
Other18 (6.3)
 Investigation Type
 Observational249 (86.5)
 Intervention39 (13.5)
Time Point in Resettlement Process
 Displaced, refugee camp64 (22.2)
 Displaced, non-refugee camp (e.g., urban refugee)31 (10.8)
 Post-resettlement192 (66.7)
 Both, displaced and post-resettlement1 (0.3)
 Refugees Classified as Internally Displaced (among those displaced in camp or non-camp setting, n = 96)7 (7.3)
 Investigation Conducted in Conflict Zone (among displaced in camp or non-camp setting, n = 96)3 (3.1)