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Table 4 Factors associated with severe distress at baseline

From: Mental health and psychosocial support for families of missing persons in Sri Lanka: A retrospective cohort study

ANXIETY symptoms

OR (95%CI)§

p-value*

Family relationship (cOR)

 Mother

Ref

 Father

0.73 (0.42; 1.23)

0.233

 Spouse

0.86 (0.61; 1.21)

0.388

 Siblings

0.68 (0.42; 1.10)

0.112

 Daughter/son

0.69 (0.29; 1.64)

0.400

 Other

0.55 (0.22; 1.41)

0.216

Ethnicity (cOR)

 Sinhala

Ref

 Tamil

2.33 (1.41; 3.84)

0.001

 Muslim

2.45 (1.05; 5.75)

0.039

Age of beneficiary (years) (cOR)

  ≤ 40

Ref

  41–50

1.72 (0.87; 3.42)

0.121

 51–60

1.61 (0.83; 3.12)

0.161

 61+

1.85 (0.98; 3.49)

0.058

Status of MP (cOR)

 Civil

Ref

 MiA

0.36 (0.20; 0.66)

0.001

 LTTE

1.35 (0.91; 1.99)

0.132

 Unknown

0.51 (0.31; 0.83)

0.006

Region (cOR)

 North

Ref

 East

0.92 (0.68; 1.24)

0.572

 South

0.59 (0.37; 0.93)

0.022

Years since disappearance (cOR)

 ≤ 10 years

Ref

 11–20 years

1.07 (0.73; 1.56)

0.737

 21+ years

1.14 (0.79; 1.62)

0.486

Economic status (aOR)

 Destitute

Ref

 Poor

1.11 (0.61; 2.01)

0.730

 Moderate

0.89 (0.51; 2.65)

0.729

 Well-off

1.16 (0.51; 2.65)

0.727

DEPRESSION

OR (95%CI)§

p-value*

Family relationship (cOR)

 Mother

Ref

 Father

0.51 (0.32; 0.80)

0.003

 Spouse

0.47 (0.35; 0.64)

< 0.001

 Siblings

0.32 (0.20; 0.52)

< 0.001

 Daughter/son

0.39 (0.18; 0.88)

0.023

 Other

0.51 (0.25; 1.06)

0.073

Ethnicity (cOR)

 Sinhala

Ref

 Tamil

2.42 (1.60; 3.64)

< 0.001

 Muslim

0.96 (0.38; 2.42)

0.929

Age of beneficiary (years) (cOR)

 ≤ 40

Ref

 41–50

1.49 (0.82; 2.71)

0.192

 51–60

1.81 (1.03; 3.18)

0.040

 61+

2.46 (1.43; 4.21)

0.001

Status of MP (cOR)

 Civil

Ref

 MiA

0.40 (0.25; 0.65)

< 0.001

 LTTE

1.19 (0.84; 1.70)

0.325

 Unknown

0.82 (0.57; 1.17)

0.266

Region (cOR)

 North

Ref

 East

0.81 (0.63; 1.05)

0.109

 South

0.50 (0.34; 0.73)

< 0.001

Years since disappearance (cOR)

  ≤ 10 years

Ref

 11–20 years

1.01 (0.74; 1.38)

0.952

 21+ years

1.02 (0.76; 1.38)

0.890

SOMATIC

OR (95%CI)§

p-value*

Family relationship (aOR)

 Mother

Ref

 Father

0.61 (0.44; 1.09)

0.098

 Spouse

0.82 (0.55; 1.22)

0.321

 Siblings

0.60 (0.32; 1.10)

0.098

 Daughter/son

0.48 (0.10;2.26)

0.100

 Other

1.50 (0.67;3.37)

0.666

Age of beneficiary (years) (aOR)

  ≤ 40

Ref

 41–50

1.61 (0.76;3.42)

0.212

 51–60

2.59 (1.26; 5.32)

0.010

 61+

2.41 (1.16; 5.00)

0.019

Status of MP (aOR)

 Civil

Ref

 MiA

1.28 (0.74; 2.19)

0.377

 LTTE

1.33 (0.84; 2.10)

0.222

 Unknown

1.11 (0.72; 1.70)

0.644

Severe symptoms of anxiety (aOR)

 No

Ref

 Yes

5.03 (3.43; 7.39)

< 0.001

Severe symptoms of depression (aOR)

 No

Ref

 Yes

1.31 (1.17; 1.48)

< 0.001

Years since disappearance (cOR)

 ≤ 10 years

Ref

 11–20 years

1.14 (0.83; 1.58)

0.423

 21+ years

1.03 (0.75; 1.41)

0.855

Economic status (cOR)

 Destitute

Ref

 Poor

0.97 (0.64; 1.47)

0.892

 Moderate

0.74 (0.47; 1.56)

0.185

 Well-off

0.69 (0.36; 1.34)

0.276

  1. *p-values from Wald Test
  2. § cOR: Crude OR; aOR: Adjusted OR, only reported if substantially different from the cOR, adjusted for the other variables in the table