Table 1 Sample Socio-demographic Characteristics by Displacement Status, Vavuniya District
Variables of Interest | Total (n = 570) | Displacement Status N (%) | P value* | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
HOC | IDP | RET | |||
(n = 190) | (n = 190) | (n = 190) | |||
Predisposing Factors | |||||
Sex | |||||
 Male | 174 (30.5) | 68 (35.8) | 19 (10.0) | 87 (45.8) | < 0.001 |
 Female | 396 (69.5) | 122 (64.2) | 171 (90.0) | 103 (54.2) | |
Age | |||||
  < 29 | 135 (23.7) | 50 (26.3) | 43 (22.6) | 42 (22.1) | 0.26 |
 30–39 | 165 (29.0) | 53 (27.9) | 50 (26.3) | 62 (32.6) | |
 40–49 | 118 (20.7) | 42 (22.1) | 36 (19.0) | 40 (21.1) | |
 50–59 | 84 (14.7) | 29 (15.3) | 28 (14.7) | 27 (14.2) | |
  > =60 | 68 (11.9) | 16 (8.4) | 33 (17.4) | 19 (10.0) | |
Marital Status | |||||
 Married | 452 (79.3) | 138 (72.6) | 142 (74.7) | 172 (90.5) | < 0.001 |
 Not Married | 118 (20.7) | 52 (27.4) | 48 (25.3) | 18 (9.5) | |
Ethnicity | |||||
 Sri Lankan Tamil | 539 (94.6) | 163 (85.8) | 189 (99.5) | 187 (98.4) | < 0.001 |
 Indian Tamil/Muslim | 31 (5.4) | 27 (14.2) | 1 (0.5) | 3 (1.6) | |
Religion | |||||
 Hindu | 434 (76.1) | 136 (71.6) | 133 (70.0) | 165 (86.8) | < 0.001 |
 Other | 136 (23.9) | 54 (28.4) | 57 (30.0) | 25 (13.2) | |
Monthly Family Income | |||||
  < 5000 | 275 (48.2) | 33 (17.7) | 162 (85.3) | 80 (42.1) | < 0.001 |
 5000–9999 | 124 (21.8) | 38 (20.3) | 23 (12.1) | 63 (33.2) | |
  > =10,000 | 168 (29.5) | 116 (62.0) | 5 (2.6) | 47 (24.7) | |
 Missing | 3 (0.5) |  |  |  |  |
Debt | |||||
 Yes | 139 (24.4) | 5 4(28.4) | 35 (18.4) | 50 (26.3) | 0.057 |
 No | 431 (75.6) | 136 (71.6) | 155 (81.6) | 140 (73.7) | |
Employment Status | |||||
 Yes | 149 (26.1) | 57 (30.0) | 10 (5.3) | 82 (43.2) | < 0.001 |
 No | 421 (73.9) | 133 (70.0) | 180 (94.7) | 108 (56.8) | |
Education Level | |||||
 No school | 38 (6.7) | 6 (3.2) | 20 (11.5) | 12 (6.3) | < 0.001 |
 Grade 1 to 5 | 117 (20.5) | 28 (14.7) | 45 (23.7) | 44 (23.2) | |
 Grade 6 to Ordinary Level Exam | 231 (40.5) | 46 (24.2) | 95 (49.5) | 91 (47.9) | |
 Passed Ordinary Level/Beyond | 184 (32.3) | 110 (57.9) | 31 (16.3) | 43 (22.6) | |
Dietary Intake (Fruit and Vegetable) | |||||
 Less than 3 portions | 304 (53.3) | 71 (37.4) | 134 (70.5) | 99 (52.1) | < 0.001 |
 More than 3 portions | 266 (46.7) | 119 (62.6) | 56 (29.5) | 91 (47.9) | |
Migration Experience | |||||
Number of Displacements | |||||
 Never/once | 321 (56.3) | 124 (65.6) | 67 (35.6) | 130 (68.4) | < 0.001 |
 2 times | 121 (21.2) | 37 (19.6) | 33 (17.5) | 51 (26.8) | |
 More than 3 times | 125 (21.9) | 28 (14.8) | 88 (46.8) | 9 (4.7) | |
 Missing | 3 (0.5) |  |  |  |  |
Duration of Stay in Refugee Camp | |||||
 Never | 169 (29.7) | 167 (87.9) | 0 (0) | 2 (1.1) | < 0.001 |
 0–5 years | 274 (48.1) | 16 (8.4) | 190 (100.0) | 68 (35.8) | |
 More than 6 years | 127 (22.3) | 7 (3.7) | 0 (0) | 120 (63.2) | |
Health Care Access | |||||
Measles Vaccination | |||||
 Yes | 307 (54.0) | 108 (56.8) | 89 (46.8) | 110 (58.2) | 0.007 |
 No | 179 (31.5) | 49 (25.8) | 79 (41.6) | 51 (27.0) | |
 Don’t Know | 83 (14.6) | 33 (17.4) | 22 (11.6) | 28 (14.8) | |
Outpatient Visits (last 3 mo.) | |||||
 Yes | 231 (40.5) | 75 (39.5) | 100 (52.6) | 56 (29.5) | < 0.001 |
 No | 339 (59.5) | 115 (60.5) | 90 (47.4) | 134 (70.5) | |
Social Environment | |||||
Aware of Suicide | |||||
 Yes | 238 (41.8) | 53 (28.0) | 60 (31.6) | 125 (65.8) | < 0.001 |
 No | 332 (58.2) | 137 (72.1) | 130 (68.4) | 65 (34.2) | |
Aware of Violence Against Women | |||||
 Yes | 117 (20.5) | 32 (16.8) | 19 (10.0) | 66 (34.7) | < 0.001 |
 No | 453 (79.5) | 158 (83.2) | 171 (90.0) | 124 (65.3) | |
Aware of Violence Against Children | |||||
 Yes | 76 (13.3) | 14 (7.3) | 16 (9.4) | 46 (24.2) | < 0.001 |
 No | 494 (86.7) | 176 (92.6) | 174 (91.6) | 144 (75.8) | |
Aware of Alcoholism | |||||
 Yes | 301 (52.8) | 122 (64.2) | 53 (27.9) | 126 (66.3) | < 0.001 |
 No | 269 (47.2) | 68 (35.8) | 137 (72.1) | 64 (33.7) | |
Aware of Drug Addiction | |||||
 Yes | 64 (11.2) | 16 (8.4) | 11 (5.8) | 37 (19.5) | < 0.001 |
 No | 506 (88.8) | 174 (91.6) | 179 (94.2) | 153 (80.5) | |
Attempted Suicide | |||||
 Yes | 7 (1.2) | 4 (2.1) | 3 (1.6) | 0 (0) | 0.153 |
 No | 563 (98.8) | 186 (97.9) | 187 (98.4) | 190 (100.0) | |
Experienced Domestic Violence | |||||
 Yes | 2 (0.4) | 0 (0) | 1 (0.5) | 1 (0.5) | 0.605 |
 No | 568 (99.7) | 190 (100.0) | 189 (99.5) | 189 (99.5) | |
 No | 564 (99.0) | 188 (99.0) | 186 (97.9) | 190 (100.0) | |
Alcoholism | |||||
 Yes | 5 (0.9) | 3 (1.6) | 0 (0) | 2 (1.1) | 0.244 |
 No | 565 (99.1) | 187 (98.4) | 190 (100.0) | 188 (99.0) | |
Smoking | |||||
Yes | 52 (9.1) | 20 (10.5) | 2 (1.1) | 30 (15.8) | < 0.001 |
No | 518 (90.9) | 170 (89.5) | 188 (99.0) | 160 (15.8) | |
Physical Environment | |||||
Number of People at Home | |||||
 2 persons or less | 93 (16.3) | 18 (9.5) | 46 (24.2) | 29 (15.3) | < 0.001 |
 3 persons | 101 (17.8) | 19 (10.1) | 38 (20.0) | 44 (23.2) | |
 4 persons | 135 (23.7) | 43 (22.8) | 37 (19.5) | 55 (29.0) | |
 5 or more | 240 (42.2) | 109 (57.7) | 69 (36.3) | 62 (32.6) | |
Type of Wall | |||||
 Temporary material | 202 (35.4) | 2 (1.1) | 187 (98.4) | 13 (6.8) | < 0.001 |
 Medium quality material | 137 (24.0) | 37 (19.5) | 3 (1.6) | 97 (51.1) | |
 High quality material | 231 (40.5) | 151 (79.5) | 0 (0) | 80 (42.1) | |
Type of Roof | |||||
 Cadjan/palmyrah/other | 103 (18.1) | 16 (8.4) | 18 (9.5) | 69 (36.3) | < 0.001 |
 Metal/Tar sheet | 239 (41.9) | 22 (11.6) | 172 (90.5) | 45 (23.7) | |
 Tile/asbestos | 228 (40.0) | 152 (80.0) | 0 (0) | 76 (40.0) | |
Type of Floor | |||||
 Mud/dung | 109 (19.1) | 18 (9.5) | 0 (0) | 91 (47.9) | < 0.001 |
 Terrazo/carpet/cement | 461 (80.9) | 172 (90.5) | 190 (100.0) | 99 (52.1) | |
Source of Water | |||||
 Well without motor | 156 (27.4) | 49 (25.8) | 0 (0) | 107 (56.3) | < 0.001 |
 Well with motor | 162 (28.4) | 117 (61.6) | 0 (0) | 45 (23.7) | |
 Water line | 74 (13.0) | 13 (6.84) | 55 (29.0) | 6 (3.2) | |
 Otherα | 178 (31.2) | 11 (5.8) | 135 (71.1) | 32 (16.8) | |
Ownership of Water | |||||
 Private | 258 (45.3) | 160 (84.2) | 0 (0) | 98 (51.6) | < 0.001 |
 Public | 312 (54.7) | 30 (15.8) | 190 (100.0) | 92 (48.4) | |
Type of Toilet | |||||
 Latrine and other | 37 (6.5) | 6 (3.2) | 0 (0) | 31 (16.3) | < 0.001 |
 Water sealed pour flush | 521 (91.4) | 179 (94.2) | 190 (100.0) | 152 (80.0) | |
 Water sealed cistern flush | 12 (2.1) | 5 (2.63) | 0 (0) | 7 (3.7) | |
Ownership of Toilet | |||||
 Private | 289 (50.7) | 159 (94.7) | 0 (0) | 110 (59.5) | < 0.001 |
 Public | 275 (48.3) | 10 (5.3) | 190 (100.0) | 75 (40.5) | |
 Missing | 6 (1.1) |  |  |  |  |
Cooking Fuel | |||||
 Gas | 58 (10.2) | 44 (23.2) | 0 (0) | 14 (7.4) | < 0.001 |
 Kerosene | 18 (3.2) | 10 (5.3) | 0 (0) | 8 (4.2) | |
 Fire wood | 489 (85.8) | 131 (69.0) | 190 (100.0) | 168 (88.4) | |
 Other | 5 (0.9) | 5 (2.6) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | |