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Table 4 Metric invariance (factor loadings) for anxiety and depressive symptoms (numbers in parentheses refer to conflict-affected districts in Sri Lanka (n = 8456) that show significant non-invariance for the parameter)

From: Measurement invariance of the Hopkins Symptoms Checklist: a novel multigroup alignment analytic approach to a large epidemiological sample across eight conflict-affected districts from a nation-wide survey in Sri Lanka

 

Jaffna

(n = 1051)

Mannar

(n = 1026)

Vavuniya

(n = 1013)

Mullativu

(n = 1076)

Killinochi

(n = 1055)

Battcaloa

(n = 1137)

Puttalam

(n = 1112)

Trincomalee (n = 1016)

Anxiety symptoms

1

Suddenly scared for no reason

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

2

Feeling fearful

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

3

Faintness, dizziness, or weakness

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

4

Nervousness or shakiness inside

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

5

Heart pounding or racing

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

6

Trembling

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

7

Feeling tense or keyed up

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

8

Headaches

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

Spells of terror or panic

(1)

(2)

3

4

5

(6)

7

8

10

Feeling restless, can't sit still

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

 

Depressive symptoms

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

11

Feeling low in energy—slowed down

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

12

Blaming yourself for things

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

13

Crying easily

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

14

Loss of sexual interest or pleasure

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

15

Poor appetite

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

16

Difficulty falling asleep, staying asleep

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

17

Feeling hopeless about the future

(1)

(2)

(3)

4

5

6

7

8

18

Feeling blue

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

19

Feeling lonely

1

(2)

3

4

5

6

7

8

20

Feeling trapped or caught

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

21

Worrying too much about things

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

22

Feeling no interest in things

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

23

Thoughts of ending your life

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

24

Feeling everything is an effort

1

2

3

4

5

6

(7)

8

25

Feelings of worthlessness

1

2

3

4

5

6

(7)

8

 

Total no. of non-invariant parameters

2

3

1

0

0

1

2

0

  1. Degree of metric non-invariance = (25*8)/9 = 22.22