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Table 2 Prevalence (%) of anxiety and depressive symptoms across 8 conflict-affected districts (n = 8456) in Sri Lanka

From: Measurement invariance of the Hopkins Symptoms Checklist: a novel multigroup alignment analytic approach to a large epidemiological sample across eight conflict-affected districts from a nation-wide survey in Sri Lanka

 

Jaffna

n = 1051 (%)

Mannar

n = 1026 (%)

Vavuniya

n = 1013 (%)

Mullativu

n = 1076 (%)

Killinochi

n = 1055 (%)

Battcaloa

n = 1137 (%)

Puttalam

n = 1112 (%)

Trincomalee n = 1016 (%)

F-adj P

Total (n = 8456)

Anxiety symptoms

1

Suddenly scared for no reason

36 (3.5)

57 (5)

47 (4.3)

28 (2.5)

31 (2.7)

68 (4.9)

22 (2.3)

50 (5.9)

0.0067

339 (3.6)

2

Feeling fearful

85 (8.3)

133 (11)

100 (9.4)

84 (7.8)

109 (9)

111 (9.4)

53 (4.7)

85 (10.1)

0.0013

760 (7.7)

3

Faintness, dizziness, or weakness

226 (22.8)

175 (17.4)

161 (15.2)

241 (22.4)

235 (21)

156 (12.8)

121 (9.4)

153 (17)

<0.0000

1468 (15.2)

4

Nervousness or shakiness inside

147 (14.1)

157 (14.4)

134 (12)

129 (12.4)

146 (12.9)

154 (12)

37 (3.6)

117 (11.3)

<0.0000

1021 (9.6)

5

Heart pounding or racing

148 (14.2)

141 (13.7)

122 (11.3)

155 (14.6)

150 (12.9)

140 (11.5)

52 (5)

113 (11.7)

<0.0000

1021 (10.1)

6

Trembling

136 (12.7)

153 (13.9)

135 (12.8)

109 (10.5)

150 (13.1)

137 (10.6)

37 (2.9)

117 (12.2)

<0.0000

974 (8.9)

7

Feeling tense or keyed up

110 (10.2)

128 (12.1)

111 (9.9)

106 (10.5)

109 (8.7)

131 (10.2)

43 (4.5)

104 (9.6)

<0.0000

842 (8.2)

8

Headaches

344 (30.8)

346 (32.3)

292 (25.7)

377 (33.1)

380 (33.6)

266 (20.7)

190 (12.8)

293 (25.8)

<0.0000

2488 (22.5)

9

Spells of terror or panic

10 (1.1)

11 (1.5)

24 (3.2)

22 (2.1)

19 (1.7)

32 (3.1)

35 (4.5)

32 (6.1)

0.0003

185 (3.3)

10

Feeling restless, can't sit still

102 (9.3)

72 (6)

67 (8.2)

109 (10.6)

129 (10.9)

66 (5.2)

61 (6.1)

77 (11.5)

0.015

683 (7.7)

Depressive symptoms

11

Feeling low in energy—slowed down

171 (16.6)

183 (17.1)

150 (14.9)

174 (16.9)

166 (15.7)

115 (10.1)

97 (9)

127 (14.2)

0.0003

1183 (12.6)

12

Blaming yourself for things

120 (10.8)

113 (10.2)

82 (7.9)

129 (11.2)

153 (12.7)

114 (10)

34 (2.7)

95 (9.2)

<0.0000

840 (7.6)

13

Crying easily

194 (15.7)

232 (19.6)

154 (14)

226 (19.2)

258 (20.8)

195 (14.8)

27 (1.6)

153 (12)

<0.0000

1439 (10.7)

14

Loss of sexual interest or pleasure

30 (2.6)

34 (2.9)

50 (5.9)

21 (2.1)

30 (2.4)

45 (3.6)

35 (4.3)

63 (8.9)

0.012

308 (4.2)

15

Poor appetite

142 (13.3)

147 (13.4)

108 (10.1)

95 (8.3)

141 (12.3)

102 (8.2)

53 (4.1)

123 (10.7)

<0.0000

911 (8.7)

16

Difficulty falling asleep, staying asleep

211 (20.9)

218 (20.5)

180 (17.1)

204 (18.5)

219 (19.3)

206 (16.9)

80 (6.4)

157 (14.8)

<0.0000

1485 (14.2)

17

Feeling hopeless about the future

109 (9.7)

104 (8.8)

88 (7.8)

122 (11.2)

120 (10.7)

177 (16.8)

31 (2.6)

101 (10.1)

<0.0000

852 (8.2)

18

Feeling blue

359 (34.3)

358 (33.5)

284 (25.7)

485 (44.2)

460 (41.5)

236 (19.8)

129 (7.5)

255 (22)

<0.0000

2566 (21.5)

19

Feeling lonely

193 (17.6)

181 (16.5)

195 (18.3)

226 (20)

251 (21)

161 (13.5)

117 (7.3)

160 (14.9)

0.0001

1484 (13.3)

20

Feeling trapped or caught

25 (2.6)

16 (1.3)

15 (2)

27 (2.8)

29 (2.2)

32 (2.6)

14 (1.5)

20 (3.1)

0.126

178 (2.2)

21

Worrying too much about things

366 (33.6)

344 (31.7)

229 (20.9)

482 (43.7)

428 (38.6)

212 (17.2)

100 (6.5)

217 (19.5)

<0.0000

2378 (19.9)

22

Feeling no interest in things

67 (6.8)

86 (8.4)

74 (6.9)

65 (6)

65 (5.5)

97 (8.2)

29 (2.8)

72 (8.5)

0.0001

555 (5.8)

23

Thoughts of ending your life

30 (3)

42 (3.3)

42 (5)

19 (1.5)

19 (1.9)

55 (4.4)

18 (2)

40 (5.7)

0.0003

265 (3.2)

24

Feeling everything is an effort

953 (91.2)

915 (90)

746 (68.2)

1004 (94)

971 (92.2)

735 (64.2)

416 (26)

735 (61.8)

<0.0000

6475 (60)

25

Feelings of worthlessness

839 (81.5)

846 (82.3)

671 (62)

873 (82.9)

850 (82.4)

721 (64)

310 (16.2)

710 (59.2)

<0.0000

5820 (52.7)

  1. ±We defined “symptomatic depression” and “symptomatic anxiety” according to the conventional international cut-off scores of >1.75 for each subscale