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Table 5 Consultation payments for chronic disease care in Lebanon by facility type utilized (US dollars)a

From: Prevalence, care-seeking, and health service utilization for non-communicable diseases among Syrian refugees and host communities in Lebanon

  All NCDs Hypertension Cardiovascular disease Diabetes Chronic resp. disease Arthritis  
  (Refugees n = 895 Host Com. n = 701) (Refugees n = 228 Host Com. n = 232) (Refugees n = 123 Host Com. n = 134) (Refugees n = 120 Host Com. n = 140) (Refugees n = 196 Host Com. n = 77) (Refugees n = 228 Host Com. n = 118)
  Point (95 % CI) Point (95 % CI) Point (95 % CI) Point (95 % CI) Point (95 % CI) Point (95 % CI) p-value
Primary health care center              
Syrian refugees Median 3.3   3.3   3.6   4.3   3.3   3.3   
  Mean 8.1 (6.4–9.8) 7 (3.3–11.4) 9.1 (4.5–13.6) 10.6 (5.3–16.0) 6.8 (4.2–9.4) 8.3 (5.5–11.0) 0.976
% paying for provider visitb 79.0 (72.5–84.3) 74 (63.7–82.0) 84.1 (69.9–92.3) 79 (66.4–87.8) 82.2 (73.0–88.8) 78.9 (68.7–86.4) 0.341
Host community Median 10.0   10.0   10.0   8.0   14.9   13.3   
  Mean 17.1 (12.3–21.9) 18.8 (10.1–27.5) 9.5 (4.5–14.6) 12.7 (6.2–19.2) 31.0 (8.7–53.2) 14.4 (8.4–20.4) 0.930
% paying for provider visitb 82.5 (69.2–90.8) 86.8 (71.7–94.5) 75.0 (37.0–93.9) 77.3 (55.2–90.4) 90.0 (57.8–98.3) 78.9 (55.0–92.0) 0.309
p-value (payment amount) <0.001 0.012 0.889 0.622 0.037 0.067  
p-value (proportion paying) 0.777 0.078 0.581 0.868 0.467 0.391  
Private clinic (Cabinet)              
Syrian refugees Median 26.5   23.2   29.9   19.9   26.5   29.5   
  Mean 27.6 (23.7–31.5) 28.5 (17.5–39.4) 32.8 (16.4–49.1) 24.2 (16.3–32.1) 25.6 (19.5–31.6) 27.9 (22.0–33.7) 0.742
% paying for provider visitb 86.4 (79.7–91.1) 85.7 (71.8–93.4) 76.5 (51.0–91.0) 90.5 (69.5–97.5) 86.2 (67.5–95.0) 89.5 (75.0–96.0) 0.462
Host community Median 33.2   33.2   33.2   33.2   33.2   33.2   
  Mean 39.6 (35.0–44.1) 32.3 (28.0–36.7) 40.2 (32.6–47.7) 41.8 (35.7–47.8) 43.2 (33.6–52.8) 49.3 (31.2–67.3) 0.056
% paying for provider visitb 89.7 (85.3–92.9) 82.8 (74.6–88.7) 85.1 (75.0–91.6) 94.7 (86.6–98.0) 97.9 (86.6–99.7) 97.8 (86.1–99.7) 0.003
p-value (payment amount) <0.001 0.506 0.436 0.001 0.005 0.029  
p-value (proportion paying) 0.991 0.144 0.425 0.538 0.097 0.127  
Hospital               
Syrian refugees Median 19.9   19.9   33.2   0   28.2   0   
  Mean 57.8 (37.0–78.5) 48.8 (11.0–86.6) 97.5 (52.1–142.9) 2.2 (−1.4–5.8) 29.9 (15.3–44.5) 25.9 (−1.3–53.2) 0.024
% paying for provider visitb 63.1 (50.3–74.2) 62.5 (38.9–81.4) 70.8 (50.3–85.3) 50.0 (12.0–88.0) 64.3 (36.2–85.1) 42.9 (14.0–77.5) 0.387
Host community Median 33.2   33.2   66.3   24.9   99.5   19.9   
  Mean 92.5 (58.2–126.7) 42.3 (22.0–62.7) 201.0 (91.7–310.4) 30.0 (15.8–44.3) 118.5 (54.9–182.1) 73.8 (0.8–146.8) 0.923
% paying for provider visitb 77.3 (66.3–85.5) 64.5 (45.6–79.8) 84.0 (66.6–93.3) 80.0 (56.4–92.5) 100   75.0 (44.2–91.9) 0.107
p-value (payment amount) 0.105 0.764 0.116 <0.001 0.015 0.250  
p-value (proportion paying) 0.436 0.897 0.716 0.267 0.016 0.181  
  1. a Bold italic indicates statistically significant (p < 0.50) findings
  2. b As a percent of those seeking care in Lebanon in this facility type for condition
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Conflict and Health

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