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Table 4 Out-of-pocket expenditures for chronic disease care in Lebanon (US dollars)a

From: Prevalence, care-seeking, and health service utilization for non-communicable diseases among Syrian refugees and host communities in Lebanon

 

All NCDs

Hypertension

Cardiovascular disease

Diabetes

Chronic resp. disease

Arthritis

 
 

(Refugees n = 895 Host Com. n = 701)

(Refugees n = 228 Host Com. n = 232)

(Refugees n = 123 Host Com. n = 134)

(Refugees n = 120 Host Com. n = 140)

(Refugees n = 196 Host Com. n = 77)

(Refugees n = 228 Host Com. n = 118)

 

Point

(95 % CI)

Point

(95 % CI)

Point

(95 % CI)

Point

(95 % CI)

Point

(95 % CI)

Point

(95 % CI)

p-value

Paid provider for consultationb

             

Syrian refugees

69.7

(65.0–74.0)

66.7

(59.2–73.4)

71.4

(61.9–79.4)

70.6

(62.3–77.7)

72.8

(64.7–79.6)

68.7

(60.8–75.6)

0.487

Host community

82.7

(77.9–86.6)

77.0

(70.7–82.3)

81.4

(72.6–87.8)

82.5

(74.5–88.4)

95.7

(87.5–98.6)

87.3

(77.8–93.1)

0.090

p-value (proportion paying)

0.041

0.545

0.608

0.022

<0.001

0.262

 

Cost of consultation (USD)b

             

Syrian refugees

Median

3.3

 

3.3

 

6.6

 

4.6

 

3.3

 

3.3

  
 

Mean

15.3

(12.8–17.8)

14.4

(9.8–18.9)

33.5

(19.6–47.4)

12.0

(8.2–15.7)

11.3

(8.3–14.3)

12

(9.5–14.5)

0.009

Host community

Median

33.2

 

33.2

 

33.2

 

33.2

 

33.2

 

33.2

  
 

Mean

42.3

(35.6–49.0)

29.5

(24.8–34.2)

70.0

(44.0–96.1)

31.6

(26.7–36.5)

50.7

(37.7–63.8)

43.3

(27.6–58.9)

0.198

p-value (payment amount)

<0.001

<0.001

0.022

<0.001

<0.001

<0.001

 

Among cases that paid

             

Syrian refugees

Median

10

 

10

 

13.3

 

10

 

6.6

 

8.3

  
 

Mean

22.0

(18.6–25.5)

21.7

(14.9–28.5)

47.3

(29.2–65.5)

17.1

(12.0–22.2)

15.6

(11.9–19.2)

17.5

(14.4–20.7)

0.004

Host community

Median

33.2

 

33.2

 

33.2

 

33.2

 

33.2

 

33.2

  
 

Mean

51.2

(43.7–58.7)

38.4

(33.3–43.5)

85.6

(54.9–116.3)

38.7

(33.3–44.0)

53.1

(39.7–66.6)

49.1

(31.9–66.2)

0.827

p-value (payment amount)

<0.001

<0.001

0.046

<0.001

<0.001

<0.001

 
  1. a Bold italic indicates statistically significant (p < 0.50) findings
  2. b Among those seeking care in Lebanon for condition
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Conflict and Health

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