Table 3 Examples of activities selected by the PPHCCs and DHCCs to implement effective governing practices

Improve stakeholder engagement

• Interview patients and health service users

• Invite religious, youth, and women leaders to meetings

• Provide feedback to consultative assemblies at health facility level

• Consult community leaders on a regular basis

Cultivate accountability

• Share information on resources and performance with communities and stakeholders

• Encourage health workers to share their challenges during joint monitoring visits

• Review health workers’ job descriptions and provide clear service delivery targets

Set a shared strategic direction

• Constitute a team of representatives from the community, health service users, other health system stakeholders, and district health officers from each district to identify the health needs and challenges faced by the communities, and to communicate these needs to the PPHCC for consideration while deciding on the strategic direction

• Invite health facility shura members to meetings to better understand community health concerns

Steward resources responsibly

• Train provincial public health office staff and health workers in ethics

• Recognize health workers with outstanding performance

• Involve the community in health facility monitoring

• Use data, information, evidence, and technology for decision making