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Table 2 Odds ratios for different pain locations by mental and physical problems and selected emotional disturbances

From: Survivors of war in northern Kosovo (III): The role of anger and hatred in pain and PTSD and their interactive effects on career outcome, quality of sleep and suicide ideation

Pain located in the head or in neck and shoulders

Head

N (no/yes)

Unadjusted OR (95% CI) P value

Multiply adjusted for confounders*

Additionally adjusted for other pain locations**

PTSD

34/20

1.00

1.00

1.00

31/27

1.48 (0.70, 3.15)

1.56 (0.69, 3.52)

1.79 (0.75, 4.26)

 

P = 0.31

P = 0.28

P = 0.19

Number of injuries

18/16

1.00

1.00

1.00

55/34

0.70 (0.31, 1.54)

0.65 (0.26, 1.62)

0.66 (0.24, 1.82)

 

P = 0.37

P = 0.35

P = 0.42

Anger in last 2 weeks

8/3

1.00

1.00

1.00

65/47

1.93 (0.49, 7.66)

2.47 (0.55, 11.20)

5.24 (1.01, 27.28)

 

P = 0.35

P = 0.24

P < 0.05

Aggressiveness in last 2 weeks

32/11

1.00

1.00

1.00

41/39

2.77 (1.23, 6.24)

3.32 (1.30, 8.49)

3.64 (1.38, 9.59)

 

P < 0.01

P < 0.01

P < 0.01

Crying in last 2 weeks

24/13

1.00

1.00

1.00

50/38

1.31 (0.59, 2.92)

1.35 (0.54, 3.37)

1.72 (0.62, 4.83)

 

P = 0.51

P = 0.52

P = 0.30

Hatred in last 2 weeks

33/15

1.00

1.00

1.00

40/35

1.93 (0.90, 4.12)

1.61 (0.71, 3.66)

2.19 (0.91, 5.26)

 

P = 0.09

P = 0.25

P = 0.08

Neck and shoulder pain

N (no/yes)

Unadjusted OR (95% CI) P value

Multiply adjusted for confounders*

Additionally adjusted for other pain locations**

PTSD

42/12

1.00

1.00

1.00

39/19

1.71 (0.73, 3.97)

1.52 (0.62, 3.74)

1.50 (0.58, 3.88)

 

P = 0.22

P = 0.37

P = 0.40

Number of injuries

27/7

1.00

1.00

1.00

63/26

1.59 (0.62, 4.11)

1.35 (0.47, 3.85)

1.47 (0.45, 4.86)

 

P = 0.34

P = 0.58

P = 0.53

Anger in last 2 weeks

10/1

1.00

1.00

1.00

80/32

4.00 (0.49, 32.54)

4.37 (0.46, 41.34)

2.93 (0.26, 33.18)

 

P = 0.20

P = 0.20

P = 0.39

Aggressiveness in last 2 weeks

34/9

1.00

1.00

1.00

56/24

1.62 (0.67, 3.89)

1.50 (0.57, 3.95)

1.52 (0.53, 4.34)

 

P = 0.28

P = 0.41

P = 0.43

Crying in last 2 weeks

29/8

1.00

1.00

1.00

63/25

1.41 (0.57, 3.52)

1.97 (0.71, 5.49)

2.39 (0.74, 7.77)

 

P = 0.46

P = 0.19

P = 0.15

Hatred in last 2 weeks

33/15

1.00

1.00

1.00

57/18

0.69 (0.31, 1.56)

0.82 (0.35, 1.97)

0.88 (0.34, 2.28)

 

P = 0.38

P = 0.67

P = 0.79

Pain located in the chest and abdomen and back

Chest and abdomen pain

N (no/yes)

Unadjusted OR (95% CI) P value

Multiply adjusted for confounders*

Additionally adjusted for other pain locations**

PTSD

22/32

1.00

1.00

1.00

32/26

0.56 (0.26, 1.18)

0.60 (0.26, 1.36)

0.56 (0.23, 1.33)

 

P = 0.13

P = 0.22

P = 0.19

Number of injuries

27/7

1.00

1.00

1.00

34/55

6.24 (2.45, 15.89)

7.93 (2.58, 24.36)

8.18 (2.53, 26.41)

 

P < 0.001

P < 0.001

P < 0.001

Anger in last 2 weeks

9/2

1.00

1.00

1.00

52/60

5.19 (1.07, 25.12)

3.70 (0.60, 22.81)

2.67 (0.39, 18.45)

 

P < 0.05

P = 0.16

P = 0.32

Aggressiveness in last 2 weeks

22/21

1.00

1.00

1.00

39/41

1.10 (0.52, 2.31)

0.83 (0.34, 2.04)

0.76 (0.30, 1.97)

 

P = 0.80

P = 0.68

P = 0.58

Crying in last 2 weeks

30/7

1.00

1.00

1.00

33/55

7.12 (2.8, 18.12)

12.95 (3.87, 43.33)

13.15 (3.82-45.25)

 

P < 0.001

P < 0.001

P < 0.001

Hatred in last 2 weeks

24/24

1.00

1.00

1.00

37/38

1.03 (0.50, 2.12)

1.01 (0.44, 2.33)

0.83 (0.34, 2.02)

 

P = 0.94

P = 0.98

P = 0.69

Back pain

N (no/yes)

Unadjusted OR (95% CI) P value

Multiply adjusted for confounders*

Additionally adjusted for other pain locations**

PTSD

28/26

1.00

1.00

1.00

32/26

0.88 (0.42, 1.84)

0.86 (0.39, 1.89)

1.18 (0.50, 2.77)

 

P = 0.73

P = 0.71

P = 0.70

Number of injuries

25/9

1.00

1.00

1.00

45/44

2.72 (1.14, 6.47)

1.97 (0.76, 5.10)

1.37 (0.49, 3.87)

 

P < 0.05

P = 0.16

P = 0.55

Anger in last 2 weeks

11/0

-

-

-

59/53

   
 

-

-

-

Aggressiveness in last 2 weeks

28/15

1.00

1.00

1.00

42/38

1.69 (0.79, 3.63)

1.24 (0.53, 2.93)

1.70 (0.67, 4.33)

 

P = 0.18

P = 0.62

P = 0.27

Crying in last 2 weeks

25/12

1.00

1.00

1.00

47/41

1.78 (0.79, 4.01)

2.00 (0.79, 4.99)

1.69 (0.60, 4.78)

 

P = 0.16

P = 0.14

P = 0.32

Hatred in last 2 weeks

33/15

1.00

1.00

1.00

37/38

2.26 (1.06, 4.83)

2.82 (1.20, 6.65)

3.53 (1.39, 8.97)

 

P < 0.05

P < 0.05

P < 0.01

Pain located in the chest and abdomen and back

Upper limbs pain

N (no/yes)

Unadjusted OR (95% CI) P value

Multiply adjusted for confounders*

Additionally adjusted for other pain locations**

PTSD

48/6

1.00

1.00

1.00

47/11

1.87 (0.64, 5.47)

2.25 (0.66, 7.71)

2.87 (0.71, 11.51)

 

P = 0.25

P = 0.20

P = 0.14

Number of injuries

28/6

1.00

1.00

1.00

76/13

0.80 (0.28, 2.30)

1.07 (0.31, 3.74)

1.08 (0.26, 4.53)

 

P = 0.68

P = 0.91

P = 0.91

Anger in last 2 weeks

11/0

-

-

-

93/19

   
 

-

-

-

Aggressiveness in last 2 weeks

37/6

1.00

1.00

1.00

67/13

1.20 (0.42, 3.41)

1.27 (0.37, 4.31)

1.22 (0.32, 4.60)

 

P = 0.74

P = 0.71

P = 0.77

Crying in last 2 weeks

33/4

1.00

1.00

1.00

75/13

1.41 (0.43, 4.64)

1.19 (0.29, 4.86)

0.63 (0.12, 3.30)

 

P = 0.58

P = 0.81

P = 0.59

Hatred in last 2 weeks

41/7

1.00

1.00

1.00

63/12

1.12 (0.41, 3.07)

0.71 (0.23, 2.19)

0.75 (0.22, 2.61)

 

P = 0.83

P = 0.55

P = 0.66

Lower limbs pain

N (no/yes)

Unadjusted OR (95% CI) P value

Multiply adjusted for confounders*

Additionally adjusted for other pain locations**

PTSD

43/11

1.00

1.00

1.00

40/18

1.76 (0.74, 4.18)

1.90 (0.76, 4.71)

2.11 (0.82, 5.45)

 

P = 0.20

P = 0.17

P = 0.12

Number of injuries

25/9

1.00

1.00

1.00

66/23

0.97 (0.39, 2.38)

0.82 (0.30, 2.27)

0.79 (0.26, 2.39)

 

P = 0.94

P = 0.70

P = 0.67

Anger in last 2 weeks

11/0

-

-

-

80/32

   
 

-

-

-

Aggressiveness in last 2 weeks

32/11

1.00

1.00

1.00

59/21

1.04 (0.44, 2.42)

0.97 (0.37, 2.51)

1.19 (0.43, 3.30)

 

P = 0.94

P = 0.95

P = 0.74

Crying in last 2 weeks

28/9

1.00

1.00

1.00

65/32

1.08 (0.44, 2.63)

1.32 (0.49, 3.58)

1.62 (0.53, 5.02)

 

P = 0.87

P = 0.58

P = 0.40

Hatred in last 2 weeks

37/11

1.00

1.00

1.00

54/21

1.31 (0.56, 3.03)

1.36 (0.55, 3.38)

1.81 (0.68, 4.80)

 

0.53

P = 0.51

P = 0.23

  1. * Adjusted for sex, marital status, education, income, municipality and medication.
  2. ** Adjusted for sex, marital status, education, income, municipality, medication and additionally pain in chest and abdomen, back, upper and lower limbs.